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ĐKXĐ \(x,y\ge0\)
Ta có \(x^3+y^3+xy-x^2-y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=1\)
Mà x,y\(\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0\le x\le1\\0\le y\le1\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0\le\sqrt{x}\le1\\0\le\sqrt{y}\le1\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1\le1+\sqrt{x}\le2\\\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2+\sqrt{y}}\ge\frac{1}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge P\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
Nhận thấy p\(=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=1\end{cases}}\)(thỏa mãn)
Nhận thấy P\(=1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=0\end{cases}}\)(thỏa mãn)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\y\le1\end{cases}}\\\hept{\begin{cases}x\le1\\y\ge0\end{cases}}\end{cases}}\)
trong đề thi HSG tỉnh thanh hóa năm 2010-2011(đánh lên mạng đi,hình như là bài 5)
Ta có 5x2+2xy+2y2=(2x+y)2+(x-y)2>=(2x+y)2
Khi đó P<=\(\frac{1}{2x+y}+\frac{1}{2y+z}+\frac{1}{2z+x}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{2x+y}=\frac{1}{x+x+y}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{2y+z}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2z+x}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Khi đó P<=\(\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\le\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=\(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
HAY
Hì , giải đc rùi nha.
Vì \(x,y\in R\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+2\right).\left(y+2\right)=\frac{25}{4}\)
Min \(P=\sqrt{1+x^4}+\sqrt{1+y^4}\)
- Dự đoán \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
- Sử dụng BĐT : \(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\) ( Với a,b > 0 )
=> \(1+x^4=16.\frac{1}{16}+a^4=16.\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)^2+a^2\ge\frac{[16.\frac{1}{4}+a^2]^2}{17}\)
\(=\frac{(a^2+4)^2}{17}\)
=> \(1+y^4\ge\frac{\left(y^2+4\right)^2}{17}\)
=> \(P\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+8}{\sqrt{17}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\sqrt{17}=\frac{1}{5}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\frac{4}{5}\left(x^2+\frac{1}{4}+y^2+\frac{1}{4}\right)+8-\frac{2}{5}\)
\(\ge\frac{2xy}{5}+\frac{4}{5}\left(x+y\right)+8-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{2}{5}[xy+2\left(x+y\right)]+8-\frac{2}{5}\)
Theo giả thiết \(\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)=\frac{25}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+2\left(x+y\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\sqrt{17}\ge\frac{2}{5}.\frac{9}{4}+8-\frac{2}{5}=\frac{17}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Điểm rơi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{xyz}\left(x,y,z>0\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\).
\(P=\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+y^2}\right)\)\(\left(x,y,z>0\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{2y^2+2yz+2z^2}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2}\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{3}{4}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\left(y+z\right)^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\forall y,z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\forall y;z>0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}x\left(y+z\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(1\right)\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(y\sqrt{2x^2+xz+2z^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}y\left(x+z\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(2\right)\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}z\left(x+y\right)\forall x;y;z>0\left(3\right)\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left[x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)\right]=\sqrt{5}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xyz}\left(x\sqrt{2y^2+yz+z^2}+y\sqrt{2z^2+zx+2x^2}+z\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\right)\)\(\ge\)\(\frac{\sqrt{5}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\sqrt{5}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}.3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\left(4\right)\).
Vì \(x,y,z>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki, ta được:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\)\(\left(1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=1^2=1\)
(vì\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}=1\)).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\)\(\left(5\right)\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra.
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=z>0\\\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}=\sqrt{xyz}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\).
Vậy \(minP=\frac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=9\).
Lời giải:
$A=(x^2+2xy+y^2)+y^2-2\sqrt{2}(x+y)-2y+2022$
$=(x+y)^2-2\sqrt{2}(x+y)+2+(y^2-2y+1)+2019$
$=(x+y-\sqrt{2})^2+(y-1)^2+2019$
$\geq 2019$
Vậy $A_{\min}=2019$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x+y-\sqrt{2}=y-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow y=1; x=\sqrt{2}-1$