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Ta có:
\(\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+x+y+1\)
\(=x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xy+2=x^2y^2+3\)
Ta lại có:
\(\left(y^2+y+1\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(y^2-x^2\right)+\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=\left(y-x\right)\left(x+y+1\right)=-2\left(x-y\right)\)
Theo đề bài ta có: (sửa đề luôn)
\(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}-\frac{y}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{y^2+y+1}+\frac{1}{x^2+x+1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y^2+y+1\right)-\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(y^2+y+1\right)}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(=-\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)với a,b>0
Ta có: \(\frac{4xy}{z+1}=\frac{4xy}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{xy}{x+z}+\frac{xy}{y+z}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{4yz}{x+1}\le\frac{yz}{x+y}+\frac{yz}{x+z}\)
\(\frac{4zx}{y+1}\le\frac{zx}{y+x}+\frac{zx}{y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(\frac{xy}{z+1}+\frac{yz}{x+1}+\frac{zx}{y+1}\right)\le\frac{xy}{x+z}+\frac{xy}{y+z}+\frac{yz}{x+y}+\frac{yz}{x+z}+\frac{zx}{y+x}+\frac{zx}{y+z}=x+y+z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy}{z+1}+\frac{yz}{x+1}+\frac{zx}{y+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=z>0
Bài 2:
+) Với y=0 <=> x=0
Ta có: 1-xy= 12 (đúng)
+) Với \(y\ne0\)
Ta có: \(x^6+xy^5=2x^3y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^6-2x^3y^2+y^4=y^4-xy^5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-y^2\right)^2=y^4\left(1-xy\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1-xy=\left(\frac{x^3-y^2}{y^2}\right)^2\)
Bài này áp dụng BĐT này nhé , với x,y > 0 ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\) ( Cách chứng minh thì chuyển vế quy đồng nhé )
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(z+x\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{4}{z+x}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Do đó : \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\) (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế có: \(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{4}{z}\right)=1\)
ta có
\(\frac{1-2x}{1-x}+\frac{1-2y}{1-y}=1\Leftrightarrow\left(1-2x\right)\left(1-y\right)+\left(1-2y\right)\left(1-x\right)=\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2\left(x+y\right)+3xy=0\)
Vậy \(M=x^2+y^2-xy+\left(1-2\left(x+y\right)+3xy\right)=\left(x+y+1\right)^2\)
vậy ta có đpcm
\(\frac{2+x}{x+1}+\frac{1-2y}{1+2y}\)
\(=1+\frac{1}{x+1}-1+\frac{2}{1+2y}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+y}\)
Áp dụng BDDT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+y}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{\left(x+1\right).\left(\frac{1}{2}+y\right)}}\ge\frac{4}{x+1+\frac{1}{2}+y}\ge\frac{4}{\frac{3}{2}+2}=\frac{4}{\frac{7}{2}}=\frac{8}{7}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> \(\frac{1}{x+1}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+y}\); x+y=2
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\y-x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
mk ms hc lớp 8 bạn giải cách nào dễ hơn ko