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2)
S = \(\dfrac{3}{1.4}+\dfrac{3}{4.7}+...+\dfrac{3}{43.46}\)
S = 3 . (\(\dfrac{3}{1.4}+\dfrac{3}{4.7}+...+\dfrac{3}{43.46}\))
S = 1 . (\(\dfrac{1}{1.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.7}+...+\dfrac{1}{43.46}\))
S = 1 . (\(1-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{43}-\dfrac{1}{46}\))
S = 1 . (\(1-\dfrac{1}{46}\))
S = 1 . \(\dfrac{45}{46}\)
S = \(\dfrac{45}{46}\)
=> \(\dfrac{45}{46}\) < 1
S = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{5}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{8}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{9}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}>\dfrac{1}{4}>\dfrac{1}{5}>..>\dfrac{1}{9}\) ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) > \(\dfrac{2}{4}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{9}>\dfrac{1}{9}.5\) = \(\dfrac{5}{9}>\dfrac{5}{10}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
S > \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=1\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}< \dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{9}< \dfrac{1}{5}.5=1\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{9}\) < \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + 1 < 2 (2)
Kết hợp (1) và (2) ta có:
1 < S < 2 (đpcm)
A=\(\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{11}{7}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{5}{-3}\)
A=\(\left(\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{11}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{5}{-3}\right)+\dfrac{-3}{8}\)
A=\(2+\dfrac{-4}{3}+\dfrac{-3}{8}\)
A=\(\dfrac{7}{24}\)
B=\(\left(\dfrac{3}{17}+\dfrac{14}{17}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-18}{35}+\dfrac{17}{-35}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-5}{13}+\dfrac{-8}{13}\right)\)
B=\(\dfrac{17}{17}+\dfrac{-35}{35}+\dfrac{-13}{13}\)
B=\(1+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-1\)
C=\(\dfrac{-3}{17}+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{17}\right)\)
C=\(\dfrac{-3}{17}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{17}=\left(\dfrac{-3}{17}+\dfrac{3}{17}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
C=0+\(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
D=\(\left(\dfrac{-1}{6}+\dfrac{5}{-12}\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
D=\(\dfrac{-1}{6}+\dfrac{5}{-12}+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
D=\(\dfrac{-2}{12}+\dfrac{-5}{12}+\dfrac{7}{12}=\left(\dfrac{-2}{12}+\dfrac{-5}{12}\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
D=\(\dfrac{-7}{12}+\dfrac{7}{12}=0\)
Ta có: \(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}< \dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{8.9}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{9}\)\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{23}{36}< \dfrac{32}{36}=\dfrac{8}{9}\). (1)
Ta lại có: \(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}>\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{19}{20}>\dfrac{8}{20}=\dfrac{2}{5}\). (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra đpcm.
a, Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{6}< \dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}< \dfrac{1}{5}\)
.................
\(\dfrac{1}{9}< \dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{11}< \dfrac{1}{10}\)
..................
\(\dfrac{1}{17}< \dfrac{1}{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{7}+......+\dfrac{1}{17}< \dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}+....+\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{5}.5+\dfrac{1}{10}.8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1+\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{9}{5}< 2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 2\left(đpcm\right)\)
b/ Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{11}>\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{12}>\dfrac{1}{30}\)
...............
\(\dfrac{1}{29}>\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{12}+........+\dfrac{1}{30}>\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{30}+.......+\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B>\dfrac{1}{30}.20=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B>\dfrac{2}{3}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{2}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\)
\(\Rightarrow20A=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{10}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\)
\(\Rightarrow20A-4A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{10}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{11}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{11}}-\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow16A=1-\dfrac{12}{5^{11}}+\dfrac{11}{5^{12}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{16}\)
⇒5A=15+252+...+11511⇒5A=15+252+...+11511
⇒5A−A=15+152+...+1511−11512⇒5A−A=15+152+...+1511−11512
⇒4A=15+152+...+1511−11512⇒4A=15+152+...+1511−11512
⇒20A=1+15+...+1510−11511⇒20A=1+15+...+1510−11511
⇒20A−4A=(1+15+...+1510−11511)−(15+152+...+1511−11512)⇒20A−4A=(1+15+...+1510−11511)−(15+152+...+1511−11512)
⇒16A=1−12511+11512<1⇒16A=1−12511+11512<1
⇒A<116⇒A<116
a: \(\Leftrightarrow70+18< x< 120+126+70\)
=>88<x<316
hay \(x\in\left\{89;90;...;315\right\}\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{9}{3}< x< \dfrac{8}{5}+\dfrac{9}{5}=\dfrac{17}{5}\)
=>-3<x<3,4
hay \(x\in\left\{-2;-1;0;1;2;3\right\}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{3}{10}>\dfrac{3}{15}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{11}>\dfrac{3}{15}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{12}>\dfrac{3}{15}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{13}>\dfrac{3}{15}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{14}>\dfrac{3}{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{3}{10}+\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{3}{13}+\dfrac{3}{14}>5.\dfrac{3}{15}\) (1)
\(S=\dfrac{3}{10}+\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{3}{13}+\dfrac{1}{14}>1\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{3}{10}< \dfrac{3}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{11}< \dfrac{3}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{12}< \dfrac{3}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{13}< \dfrac{3}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{14}< \dfrac{3}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{3}{10}+\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{3}{13}+\dfrac{3}{14}< 5.\dfrac{3}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{5}{3}< 2\)
giải s ta có s=1.267782218 thì lớn hơn 1 và nhỏ hơn 2