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\(a.\)
\(\text{*)}\) Áp dụng bđt \(AM-GM\) cho hai số thực dương \(x,y,\) ta có:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}=2\) (do \(xy=1\) )
\(\Rightarrow\) \(3\left(x+y\right)\ge6\)
nên \(D=x^2+y^2+\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+1}+3\left(x+y\right)\ge x^2+y^2+\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+1}+6\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(D\ge\left[\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)+\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+1}\right]+5\)
\(\text{*)}\) Tiếp tục áp dụng bđt \(AM-GM\) cho bộ số loại hai số không âm gồm \(\left(x^2+y^2+1;\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+1}\right),\) ta có:
\(\left[\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)+\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+1}\right]\ge2\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2+1\right).\frac{9}{\left(x^2+y^2+1\right)}}=6\)
Do đó, \(D\ge6+5=11\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Vậy, \(D_{min}=11\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x=y=1\)
\(b.\) Bạn tìm điểm rơi rồi báo lại đây
7/
ĐKXĐ: \(-3\le x\le\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+8\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{3-2x}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{3-2x}-\left(3-2x\right)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{3-2x}\left(4-\sqrt{3-2x}\right)+1=0\)
Do \(x\ge-3\Rightarrow3-2x\le9\Rightarrow\sqrt{3-2x}\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow4-\sqrt{3-2x}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow VT>0\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm (bạn coi lại đề)
5/
\(\Leftrightarrow8x^2-3x+6-4x\sqrt{3x^2+x+2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-4x\sqrt{3x^2+x+2}+3x^2+x+2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-\sqrt{3x^2+x+2}\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-\sqrt{3x^2+x+2}=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=2\)
6/
ĐKXĐ: ....
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2000-2\sqrt{x-2000}+1\right)+\left(y-2001-2\sqrt{y-2001}+1\right)+\left(z-2002-2\sqrt{z-2002}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2000}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2001}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-2002}-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2000}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-2001}-1=0\\\sqrt{z-2002}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2001\\y=2002\\z=2003\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x=\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}}-\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}\)
Ta có: Đặt \(A=\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+1}}\)=> \(A^2=\frac{\sqrt{5}+2+\sqrt{5}-2+2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}}{\sqrt{5}+1}\)
=> \(A^2=\frac{2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{5-4}}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{\sqrt{5}+1}=2\)=> \(A=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}=\sqrt{2}+1\)
==> \(x=\sqrt{2}-\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)=-1\)
Do đó: N = (-1)2019 + 3.(-1)2020 - 2.(-1)2021 = -1 + 3 + 2 = 4
Ta co:\(\Sigma\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}=\Sigma\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}=x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)Ta lai co:
\(\Sigma x+\Sigma\frac{1}{x}=\Sigma\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge3+\frac{3}{4}.\frac{9}{x+y+z}\ge3+\frac{3}{4}.\frac{9}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{15}{2}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vay \(P_{min}=\frac{15}{2}\)khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{A}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1+\sqrt{7}}{2+\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}}+\frac{1-\sqrt{7}}{2-\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}}\)
\(=\frac{1+\sqrt{7}}{2+1+\sqrt{7}}+\frac{1-\sqrt{7}}{2-\sqrt{7}+1}\)
\(=\frac{1+\sqrt{7}}{3+\sqrt{7}}+\frac{1-\sqrt{7}}{3-\sqrt{7}}\)
=\(\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{7}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{7}\right)+\left(1-\sqrt{7}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{7}\right)}{\left(3+\sqrt{7}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{7}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-8}{2}=-4\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-4\sqrt{2}\)
5.
ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{1}{2}\le x\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}-x+\frac{1}{2}+x+2\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}-x\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}+x\right)}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{2}-x\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}+x\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
6.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1+\sqrt{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+x+1\right)}-\sqrt{x-1}-\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x^3+x^2+x=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+2\right)=5\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=5ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2-5ab+2b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)\left(2a-b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2a=b\\a=2b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{x^2-x+1}\\\sqrt{x+1}=2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+4=x^2-x+1\\x+1=4x^2-4x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-5x-3=0\\4x^2-5x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow...\)
6.
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{5x^2+6x+5}=a\\4x=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(a^2+1\right)=b\left(b^2+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-b^3+a-b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2+6x+5}=4x\left(x\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+6x+5=16x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11x^2-6x-5=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
4. Bạn coi lại đề (chính xác là pt này ko có nghiệm thực)
5.
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+6-\left(2x+1\right)\sqrt{x^2+x+6}+6x-6=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+x+6}=t>0\)
\(t^2-\left(2x+1\right)t+6x-6=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(2x+1\right)^2-4\left(6x-6\right)=\left(2x-5\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\frac{2x+1+2x-5}{2}=2x-2\\t=\frac{2x+1-2x+5}{2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+x+6}=2x-2\left(x\ge1\right)\\\sqrt{x^2+x+6}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x+6=4x^2-8x+4\left(x\ge1\right)\\x^2+x+6=9\end{matrix}\right.\)