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a)
\(P=\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{5}{12}+\dfrac{5}{20}+\dfrac{5}{30}+\dfrac{5}{42}+\dfrac{5}{56}+\dfrac{5}{72}+\dfrac{5}{90}\\ =\dfrac{5}{2.3}+\dfrac{5}{3.4}+\dfrac{5}{4.5}+\dfrac{5}{5.6}+\dfrac{5}{6.7}+\dfrac{5}{7.8}+\dfrac{5}{8.9}+\dfrac{5}{9.10}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{5}P=\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{9.10}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{1}{10}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}=\dfrac{5}{10}-\dfrac{1}{10}\\ =\dfrac{4}{10}=\dfrac{2}{5}\\ \Rightarrow P=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot5=2\)
\(a,\dfrac{1}{5.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.11}+\dfrac{1}{11.14}+...+\dfrac{1}{x.\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{101}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}.3.\left[\dfrac{1}{5.8}+\dfrac{1}{8.11}+\dfrac{1}{11.14}+...+\dfrac{1}{x.\left(x+3\right)}\right]=\dfrac{101}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\left[\dfrac{3}{5.8}+\dfrac{3}{8.11}+\dfrac{3}{11.14}+...+\dfrac{3}{x.\left(x+3\right)}\right]=\dfrac{101}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\left[\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{11}+...+\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right]=\dfrac{101}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(\dfrac{1}{5-1}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}\right)=\dfrac{101}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{101}{1540}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{303}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{303}{1540}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{1}{308}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3=308\)
\(x=308-3\)
\(x=305\)
\(b,1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{10}+...+\dfrac{1}{x.\left(x+1\right):2}=1\dfrac{1991}{1993}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{x.\left(x+1\right):2}\right)=\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{8}+...+\dfrac{1}{x.\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{x.\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(\dfrac{2-1}{1.2}+\dfrac{4-3}{3.4}+...+x+1-\dfrac{x}{x.\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+1}=1-\dfrac{3984}{3986}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{1}{1993}\)
=>\(x+1=1993\)
\(x=1993-1\)
\(x=1992\)
Bài 1:
a)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{9}=\dfrac{8}{3}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{9}=\dfrac{24}{9}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-1=24\\ x=24+1\\ x=25\)
b)
\(\left(\dfrac{3x}{7}+1\right):\left(-4\right)=\dfrac{-1}{8}\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}+1=\dfrac{-1}{8}\cdot\left(-4\right)\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}+1=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}=\dfrac{1}{2}-1\\ \dfrac{3x}{7}=\dfrac{-1}{2}\\ 3x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\cdot7\\ 3x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{-7}{2}:3\\ x=\dfrac{-7}{6}\)
c)
\(x+\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{17}{18}-\dfrac{1}{9}\\ x+\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\ x=\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{7}{12}\\ x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
d)
\(0,5x-\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ x\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{-1}{6}x=\dfrac{7}{12}\\ x=\dfrac{7}{12}:\dfrac{-1}{6}\\ x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\)
e)
\(\dfrac{29}{30}-\left(\dfrac{13}{23}+x\right)=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ \dfrac{29}{30}-\dfrac{13}{23}-x=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ \dfrac{277}{690}-x=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ x=\dfrac{277}{690}-\dfrac{7}{46}\\ x=\dfrac{86}{345}\)
f)
\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right):\left(2+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ \left(x-\dfrac{1}{12}\right):\dfrac{23}{12}=\dfrac{7}{46}\\ x-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{7}{46}\cdot\dfrac{23}{12}\\ x-\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{7}{24}\\ x=\dfrac{7}{24}+\dfrac{1}{12}\\ x=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
g)
\(\dfrac{13}{15}-\left(\dfrac{13}{21}+x\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{7}{10}\\ \left(\dfrac{13}{21}+x\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{13}{15}-\dfrac{7}{10}\\ \left(\dfrac{13}{21}+x\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{12}=\dfrac{1}{6}\\ \dfrac{13}{21}+x=\dfrac{1}{6}:\dfrac{7}{12}\\ \dfrac{13}{21}+x=\dfrac{2}{7}\\ x=\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{13}{21}\\ x=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
h)
\(2\cdot\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ 2\cdot\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{2}\\ 2\cdot\left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{7}{4}\\ \left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{7}{4}:2\\ \left|\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{7}{8}\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{7}{8}\\\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{7}{8}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{29}{24}\\ x=\dfrac{29}{24}:\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{29}{12}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-7}{8}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{-7}{8}+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}x=\dfrac{-13}{24}\\ x=\dfrac{-13}{24}:\dfrac{1}{2}\\ x=\dfrac{-13}{12}\)
i)
\(3\cdot\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+\dfrac{1}{9}=0\\ 3\cdot\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=0-\dfrac{1}{9}\\ 3\cdot\left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{-1}{9}\\ \left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{-1}{9}:3\\ \left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{-1}{27}\\ \left(3x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{-1}{3}\right)^3\\ \Leftrightarrow3x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-1}{3}\\ 3x=\dfrac{-1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}\\ 3x=\dfrac{1}{6}\\ x=\dfrac{1}{6}:3\\ x=\dfrac{1}{18}\)
\(\dfrac{a-x}{b-y}=\dfrac{a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-x\right).b=\left(b-y\right).a\)
\(\Rightarrow ab-xb=ba-ya\)
\(\Rightarrow xb=ya\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{x}{y}\) (đpcm)
bài 3:
a, đặt \(\dfrac{x}{12}=\dfrac{y}{9}=\dfrac{z}{5}=k\)
=>x=12k,y=9k,z=5k
ta có: ayz=20=> 12k.9k.5k=20
=> (12.9.5)k^3=20
=>540.k^3=20
=>k^3=20/540=1/27
=>k=1/3
=>x=12.1/3=4
y=9.1/3=3
z=5.1/3=5/3
vậy x=4,y=3,z=5/3
b,ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{49}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}\)
A/D tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{49}=\dfrac{z^2}{9}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{25+49-9}=\dfrac{585}{65}=9\)
=>x=5.9=45
y=7.9=63
z=3*9=27
vậy x=45,y=63,z=27
\(.2.\)
\(a.\)
\(2x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=-\dfrac{5}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{13}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{13}{6}:2=-\dfrac{13}{12}\)
Vậy : \(x=-\dfrac{13}{12}\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{3}{5}x=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{5}x=\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{3}{5}=-\dfrac{16}{35}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{16}{35}:\dfrac{3}{5}=-\dfrac{16}{21}\)
Vậy : \(x=-\dfrac{16}{21}\)
\(c.\)
\(\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}x=-\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{11}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{11}{10}:\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{22}{15}\)
Vậy : \(x=-\dfrac{22}{15}\)
\(d.\)
\(-\dfrac{2}{15}-x=-\dfrac{3}{10}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{2}{15}-\left(-\dfrac{3}{10}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Vậy : \(x=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Lời giải:
$\frac{a-x}{b-y}=\frac{a}{b}$
$\Rightarrow b(a-x)=a(b-y)$
$\Rightarrow ab-bx=ab-ay$
$\Rightarrow bx=ay$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b}=\frac{x}{y}$