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\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{3,45}{23}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Na+2H_2O->2NaOH+H_2\left(1\right)\)
tỉ lệ 2 : 2 : 2 ; 1
n(mol) 0,15---->0,15------->0,15----->0,075
\(m_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=n\cdot M=0,15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\)
\(PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O->2NaOH\left(2\right)\)
tỉ lệ 1 ; 1 ; 2
n(mol) 0,1----->0,1------->0,2
\(m_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot40=8\left(g\right)\\ =>m_{NaOH}=m_{NaOH\left(1\right)}+m_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=6+8=14\left(g\right)\)
Ca+ 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2+ H2
nH2= nCa= 0,14 mol
=> mCa= 5,6g
=> mFe= 6,2-5,6= 0,6g
H2 + O -> H2O
=> Y có 0,14 mol O
nFe2O3= 0,02 mol
=> 0,02 mol Fe2O3 có 0,04 mol Fe và 0,06 mol O
Tổng mol Fe sau phản ứng là \(\dfrac{5,6}{56}\)= 0,1 mol
=> FexOy có 0,06 mol Fe và 0,08 mol O
nFe : nO= 0,06 : 0,08= 3 : 4
=> FexOy là Fe3O4
a= 0,06.56+ 0,08.16= 4,64g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,136}{22,4}=0,14mol\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=x\\n_{Na}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
x x ( mol )
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
y 1/2 y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40x+23y=6,2\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,14\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,04.40=1,6g\\m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3,2}{160}=0,02mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,02 0,06 0,04 0,06 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,04.56=2,24g\)
\(\rightarrow m_{H_2\left(tdFe_xO_y\right)}=0,14-0,06=0,08mol\)
\(n_{Fe\left(tdFe_xO_y\right)}=\dfrac{5,6-0,04.56}{56}=0,06mol\)
\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)xFe+yH_2O\)
0,08 0,06 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow x:y=0,06:0,08=3:4\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_3O_4\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=8,5-2,3=6,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Na}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot23}{26,2}\cdot100\%\approx52,67\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na_2O}=47,33\%\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{26,2-0,6\cdot23}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=1\cdot40=40\left(g\right)\)
2Na + 2H2O ---> 2NaOH + H2 (1)
Na2O + H2O ---> 2NaOH (2)
a) nH2 = 0,3 (mol)
Theo pthh (1) : nNa = 2nH2 = 0,6 (mol)
=> mNa = 0,6.23 = 13,8 (g)
=> mNa2O = 26,2 - 13,8 = 12,4 (g)
=> nNa2O = 0,2 (mol)
BTNa : nNaOH = nNa + 2nNa2O = 0,6 + 2.0,2 = 1 (mol)
=> mNaOH = 1.40 = 40(g)
b) %mNa = 13,8.100%/26,2 = 52,67%
%mNa2O = 100% - 52,67% = 47,33%
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}+2n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}+2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,3\cdot40=12\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd\left(sau.p/ứ\right)}=m_{Na}+m_{Na_2O}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=110,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{110,7}\cdot100\%\approx10,84\%\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Na}=0,6.23=13,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{Na_2O}=26,2-13,8=12,4\left(g\right)\\b, n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{NaOH\left(tổng\right)}=n_{Na}+2.n_{Na_2O}=0,6+\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ m_{c.tan}=m_{NaOH}=0,8.40=32\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{ddNaOH}=m_{hh}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}=26,2+200-0,3.2=225,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{32}{225,6}.100\approx14,185\%\)
Số mol của 2,24 lít khí H2:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\)
2 : 2 : 2 : 1
0,1-> 0,1 : 0,1 : 0,05(mol)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\left(2\right)\)
Khối lượng của 0,2 mol Na:
\(m_{Na}=n.M=0,2.23=4,6\left(g\right)\)
Do hỗn hợp A gồm Na và H2O nên ta có:
\(m_{Hỗnhợp}=m_{Na}+m_{Na_2O}\\ \Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=m_{Hỗnhợp}-m_{Na}\\ \Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=12,4-4,6\\ \Rightarrow m_{Na_2O}=7,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\left(2\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(1\right):n_{NaOH\left(1\right)}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.pt\left(2\right):n_{NaOH\left(2\right)}=n_{Na_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{bazơ}=\left(0.2+0,2\right).40=16\left(g\right)\)
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