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a) Giải:
Ta có:
\(f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(-2\right)=a.\left(-2\right)^2+b.\left(-2\right)+c\\f\left(3\right)=a.3^2+b.3+c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(-2\right)=4a-2b+c\\f\left(3\right)=9a+3b+c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right)+f\left(3\right)=\left(4a-2b+c\right)+\left(9a+3b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(4a+9a\right)+\left(-2b+3b\right)+\left(c+c\right)\)
\(=13a+b+2c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right)=-f\left(3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-2\right).f\left(3\right)=-\left[f\left(3\right)\right]^2\le0\)
Vậy \(f\left(-2\right).f\left(3\right)\le0\) (Đpcm)
b) Sửa đề:
Biết \(5a+b+2c=0\)
Giải:
Ta có:
\(f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=a.2^2+b.2+c=4a+2b+c\\f\left(-1\right)=a.\left(-1\right)^2+b.\left(-1\right)+c=a-b+c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(2\right)+f\left(-1\right)=\left(a-b+c\right)+\left(4a+2b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(4a+a\right)+\left(-b+2b\right)+\left(c+c\right)\)
\(=5a+b+2c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(2\right)=-f\left(-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(2\right).f\left(-1\right)=-\left[f\left(-1\right)\right]^2\le0\)
Vậy \(f\left(2\right).f\left(-1\right)\le0\) (Đpcm)
Ta có: f(0) = c \(⋮\) 3
f(1) = a + b + c \(⋮\) 3 \(\Rightarrow\) a + b \(⋮\) 3 (1)
f(-1) = a - b + c \(⋮\) 3 \(\Rightarrow\) a - b \(⋮\) 3 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra a + b + a - b \(⋮\) 3 và a + b - a + b \(⋮\) 3
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a⋮3\\2b⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a⋮3\\b⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy a, b, c \(⋮\) 3
+ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(0\right)⋮3\\f\left(1\right)⋮3\\f\left(-1\right)⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c⋮3\\a+b+c⋮3\\a-b+c⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b⋮3\\a-b⋮3\\c⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a⋮3\\-2b⋮3\\c⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a⋮3\\b⋮3\\c⋮3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=a+c-b\)
\(f\left(3\right)=9a+3b+c=10a+2b+2c+b-a-c=b-a-c\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right).f\left(3\right)=\left(a+c-b\right)\left(b-a-c\right)=-\left(a+c-b\right)^2\le0\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
$f(-1)=a-b+c$
$f(2)=4a+2b+c$
Cộng lại ta có: $f(-1)+f(2)=5a+b+2c=0$
$\Rightarrow f(-1)=-f(2)$
$\Rightarrow f(-1)f(2)=-f(2)^2\leq 0$ (đpcm)
1.a) Theo đề bài,ta có: \(f\left(-1\right)=1\Rightarrow-a+b=1\)
và \(f\left(1\right)=-1\Rightarrow a+b=-1\)
Cộng theo vế suy ra: \(2b=0\Rightarrow b=0\)
Khi đó: \(f\left(-1\right)=1=-a\Rightarrow a=-1\)
Suy ra \(ax+b=-x+b\)
Vậy ...
\(f\left(0\right)=ax^2+bx+c=a.0^2+b.0+c=c=4\)
\(f\left(1\right)=ax^2+bx+c=a+b+c=3\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=a-b+c=7\)
Ta có hpt \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=4\\a+b+c=3\\a-b+c=7\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-1\left(1\right)\\a-b=3\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Lấy (1) - (2) ta được : \(2b=-4\Rightarrow b=-2\)
Thay b = -2 vào (1) \(a-2=-1\Rightarrow a=1\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;-2;4\right)\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
$f(4)=16a+4b+c$
$f(-2)=4a-2b+c$
Cộng theo vế: $f(4)+f(-2)=20a+2b+2c=2(10a+b+c)=2.0=0$
$\Rightarrow f(-2)=-f(4)$
$\Rightarrow f(4).f(-2)=f(4).-f(4)=-f(4)^2\leq 0$
Ta có đpcm.
a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(2\right)=156\\f\left(-3\right)=156\\f\left(-1\right)=132\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4a+2b+c=156\\9a-3b+c=156\\a-b+c=132\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}4a+2b+132-a+b=156\\9a-3b+132-a+b=156\\c=132-a+b\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3a+3b=24\\8a-2b=24\\c=132-a+b\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=8\\-4a+b=-12\\c=132-a+b\end{cases}}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}5a=20\\b=8-a\\c=132-a+b\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=4\\b=4\\c=132\end{cases}}}\)
b) \(f\left(x\right)=4x^2+4x+132=4x^2+2x+2x+1+131=2x\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)+131\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+131\)
\(\left(2x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\ge131\forall x\). Vậy \(f\left(x\right)\ne0\forall x\)