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Câu 2:
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{b}=k+1\)
\(\dfrac{c+d}{d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{d}=k+1\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
giả sử điều phải chứng minh là đúng thì:
\(\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(a-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(b+d\right)^2}{\left(b-d\right)^2}\\ \Rightarrow\left[\left(a+c\right)\left(b-d\right)\right]^2=\left[\left(a-c\right)\left(b+d\right)\right]^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc-ad-cd\right)^2=\left(ab+ad-bc-cd\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc-ad-cd\right)^2-\left(ab+ad-bc-cd\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc-ad-cd+ab+ad-bc-cd\right)\left(ab+bc-ad-cd-ab-ad+bc+cd\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2ab-2cd\right)\left(2bc-2ad\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab-cd\right)\left(bc-ad\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ab-cd=0\\bc-ad=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ab=cd\\bc=ad\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{d}{b}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\left(đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
do đó điều phải chứng minh là đúng
Bài 2 : đề bài này chỉ cần a,b>0 , ko cần phải thuộc N* đâu
a, Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 2 số lhoong âm a,b ta được :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{ba}}=2\) . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b
b , Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho 2 số không âm ta được : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{ab}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Nhân vế với vế ta được :
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge2.2.\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{ab}}=4\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu "="xảy ra tại a=b
Bài 1.
Vì a, b, c, d \(\in\) N*, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{b}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{b}{a+b+d}< \dfrac{b}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{c}{b+c+d}< \dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
\(\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}< \dfrac{d}{a+c+d}< \dfrac{d}{c+d}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}< M< \left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}\right)\)hay 1<M<2.
Vậy M không có giá trị là số nguyên.
Bài 1:
a, \(\left(x-2\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2\in\left\{-3;3\right\}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;5\right\}\)
b, \(\left(3x-1\right)^3=-8\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-1=-2\Rightarrow3x=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
c, \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{2}\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-\dfrac{3}{4};-\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)
d, \(\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^x=\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^x=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}\ne\pm1;\dfrac{2}{3}\ne0\) nên \(x=2\)
e, \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-1}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne\pm1;\dfrac{1}{2}\ne0\) nên \(x-1=4\Rightarrow x=5\)
f, \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2x-1}=8\) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2x-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-3}\) Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne\pm1;\dfrac{1}{2}\ne0\) nên \(2x-1=-3\) \(\Rightarrow2x=-2\Rightarrow x=-1\) Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
a) \(5\dfrac{3}{8}-1\dfrac{9}{10}=\dfrac{43}{8}-\dfrac{19}{10}=\dfrac{215}{40}-\dfrac{76}{40}=\dfrac{139}{40}\)
b) \(\left(-3\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(-2\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=-\dfrac{13}{4}+\left(-\dfrac{7}{3}\right)=-\dfrac{39}{12}+\left(-\dfrac{28}{12}\right)=\dfrac{-67}{12}\)
c) \(\left(-5\dfrac{1}{8}\right)+3\dfrac{2}{4}=\left(-\dfrac{41}{8}\right)+\dfrac{14}{4}=\left(-\dfrac{41}{8}\right)+\dfrac{28}{8}=-\dfrac{13}{8}\)
d)\(\left(-3\right)-\left(-2\dfrac{2}{5}\right)=\left(-3\right)-\left(-\dfrac{12}{5}\right)=\left(-\dfrac{15}{5}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{12}{5}\right)=-\dfrac{27}{5}\)
Còn một cái nữa là ta có thể so sánh với số trung gian như 1 và 0 .
Vì a/b=c/d khi a.c=b.d
Giờ thì mình kết thúc bài làm.
a,
\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b,
\(\left(x-2\right)^2=1\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=1\\x-2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=3\text{ hoặc }x=1\)
c,
\(\left(2x-1\right)^3=-8\\ \Rightarrow2x-1=-2\\ \Rightarrow2x=-1\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
d,
\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{16}\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\text{ hoặc }x=\dfrac{-3}{4}\)
a) \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(\left(x-2\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=1^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=-1\\x-2=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1+2\\x=1+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\left(2x-1\right)^3=-8\Rightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^3=-2^3\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1=-3\Rightarrow2x=-3+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=2\Rightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(x=1\)
d) \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{16}\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\dfrac{\left(0,6\right)^5}{\left(0,2\right)^6}=\dfrac{\left(0,2.3\right)^5}{\left(0,2\right)^5.\left(0,2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0,2\right)^5.3^5}{\left(0,2\right)^5.\left(0,2\right)}=\dfrac{3^5}{0,2}=\dfrac{243}{0,2}=1215\)
c) \(2:\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2=2:\left(\dfrac{3}{6}-\dfrac{4}{6}\right)^2=2:\left(-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)^2=2:\dfrac{1}{36}=72\)
Bài 2:
a) \(\left(x-3\right)^3+27=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^3=0-27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^3=-27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^3=\left(-3\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\left(-3\right)+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
b) \(-125-\left(x+1\right)^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=-125-0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=-125\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=\left(-5\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\left(-5\right)-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-6\)
c) \(\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=0+\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}:2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
d) \(2^x+2^{x+1}=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x+2^x.2=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x\left(1+2\right)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x.3=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x=24:3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^x=2^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\)
e) \(\left|x+\dfrac{1}{5}\right|-\dfrac{1}{2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{1}{5}\right|=1+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+\dfrac{1}{5}\right|=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{5}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{17}{10}\\x=\dfrac{13}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
g) \(\left|x-3\right|+2x=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=10-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=2.5-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=2\left(5-x\right)\)
(không chắc có nên làm tiếp câu g không, thấy đề cứ là lạ, có j sai sai...)
Bài 1:
a) \(2^7+2^9⋮10\)
Ta có: \(2^7+2^9=2^{4.1}.2^3+2^{4.2}.2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{A6}.2^3+\overline{B6}.2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{A6}.8+\overline{B6}.2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{C8}+\overline{D2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{E0}\)
Mà \(\overline{E0}⋮10\) \(\Rightarrow2^7+2^9⋮10\)
b) \(8^{24}.25^{10}⋮2^{36}.5^{20}\)
Ta có: \(8^{24}.25^{10}=\left(2^3\right)^{24}.\left(5^2\right)^{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^{72}.5^{20}\)
Do \(2^{72}⋮2^{36}\) và \(5^{20}⋮5^{20}\) \(\Rightarrow8^{24}.25^{10}⋮2^{36}.5^{20}\)
c) \(3^{10}+3^{12}⋮30\)
Ta có: \(3^{10}+3^{12}=3^{4.2}.3^2+3^{4.3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{A1}.3^2+\overline{B1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{A1}.9+\overline{B1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{C9}+\overline{B1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overline{D0}⋮10\)
(Chứng minh chia hết cho 10 rồi chứng minh chia hết cho 3, mình chưa tìm được cách làm, chờ chút)
Á p dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{b}{d}=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\)
suy ra đpcm