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1)\(\dfrac{c-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{a-c}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{b-a}{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\dfrac{c-b+a-c+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
Lời giải:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{1}{a(a-b)(a-c)}+\frac{1}{b(b-c)(b-a)}+\frac{1}{c(c-a)(c-b)}\)
\(=\frac{bc(c-b)}{abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}+\frac{ac(a-c)}{abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}+\frac{ab(b-a)}{abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\)
\(=\frac{bc(c-b)+ac(a-c)+ab(b-a)}{abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\) (1)
Xét \(bc(c-b)+ac(a-c)+ab(b-a)=bc(c-b)-ac[(c-b)+(b-a)]+ab(b-a)\)
\(=(c-b)(bc-ac)+(b-a)(ab-ac)=c(c-b)(b-a)+a(b-a)(b-c)\)
\(=(c-b)(b-a)(c-a)=(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)\) (2)
Từ \((1),(2)\Rightarrow \text{VT}=\frac{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}{abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
Ta có đpcm.
\(\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{c}\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a}\times\dfrac{b+c}{b}\times\dfrac{a+c}{c}=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=8abc\)
~*~*~*~*~
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}-\dfrac{bc}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}-\dfrac{ac}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}\left(1-\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\left(1-\dfrac{c}{c+a}\right)+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\left(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}\times\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\times\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\times\dfrac{b}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\times8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(a+c\right)+ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+2abc=8abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=8abc\) luôn đúng
=> (1) đúng
Bạn cũng có thể giải bằng cách đặt \(x=\dfrac{a}{a+b};y=\dfrac{b}{b+c};z=\dfrac{c}{a+c}\).
A=\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\)
= \(2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si cho 2 số ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
⇔\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\)
⇔\(2+\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\ge4\)
⇔ A ≥4
=> Min A =4
dấu "=" xảy ra khi
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{a}\)
⇔a2=b2
⇔a=b
vậy Min A =4 khi a=b
a) \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2-2ac-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-c\right)^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=1\)
c) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^3-x^2}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-2x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{3}{x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+x+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-1}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x^3-y^3}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}.\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
2b)\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
<=> (ab+bc+ca)(a+b+c)=abc
<=> (ab+bc+ca)(a+b+c)-abc=0
<=> (a+b)(b+c)(c+a) = 0
<=> a+b=0 hoặc b+c=0 hoặc c+a=0
<=> a=-b hoặc b=-c hoặc c = -a
sau đó thay vào cái cần c/m
\(=\dfrac{b^2c^2\left(b-c\right)-a^2c^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2b^2\left(a-b\right)}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b^3c^2-b^2c^3-a^3c^2+a^2c^3+c^2b^2\left(a-b\right)}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(c^2\left(b-a\right)\left(b^2+ab+a^2\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c^2a^2\left(a-b\right)\right)}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(c^2b^2+c^2ab+c^2a^2-c^3a-c^3b+c^2a^2\right)}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-c^2\left(b^2+ab+a^2-ac-bc+a^2\right)}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(b^2+ab-ac-bc+2a^2\right)}{a^2b^2\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{2}{a-b}\)+\(\dfrac{2}{b-c}\)+\(\dfrac{2}{c-a}\)
= (\(\dfrac{1}{a-b}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c-a}\))+(\(\dfrac{1}{b-c}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{a-b}\))+(\(\dfrac{1}{c-a}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b-c}\))
=(\(\dfrac{1}{a-b}\)- \(\dfrac{1}{a-c}\))+(\(\dfrac{1}{b-c}\)- \(\dfrac{1}{b-a}\))+(\(\dfrac{1}{c-a}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{c-b}\))
=\(\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)-\left(b-c\right)}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{\left(c-b\right)-\left(c-a\right)}{\left(c-b\right).\left(c-a\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{a-c-a+b}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{b-a-b+c}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{c-b-c+a}{\left(c-b\right).\left(c-a\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{-c+b}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}\)+ \(\dfrac{-a+c}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{-b+a}{\left(c-b\right).\left(c-a\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{c-a}{\left(b-a\right).\left(b-c\right)}\)+\(\dfrac{a-b}{\left(c-b\right).\left(c-a\right)}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt.
Cho a,b,c thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{a b-c}{c}=\dfrac{b c-a}{a}=\dfrac{c a-b}{b}\) Tính giá trị M = \(\left(1 \dfrac{b}{a}\right... - Hoc24
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