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Bài 1:
a) -16 +(x-3)2
<=> (x-3)2-16
<=> (x-3)2 -42
<=> (x-3-4)(x-3+4)
<=> (x-7)(x+1)
b) 64+16y+y2
<=> y2 + 2.8.y + 82
<=> (y+8)2
c) \(\dfrac{1}{8}-8x^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-\left(2x\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-2x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+x+4x^2\right)\)
d)\(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}.x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
e) x4 + 4x2 + 4
<=> (x2)2 + 2.2.x2 +22
<=> (x2 + 2)2
g)\(8x^3+60x^2y+150xy^2+125y^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5y\right)^3\)
a,\(a^2\left(a+1\right)+2a\left(a+1\right)=\left(a^2+2a\right)\left(a+1\right)\)
\(=a\left(a+2\right)\left(a+1\right)⋮3⋮2\)
\(⋮6\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
b,\(a\left(2a-3\right)-2a\left(a+1\right)\)
\(=2a^2-3a-2a^2-2a\)
\(=-5a⋮5\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
a: \(A=a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\)
Vì a;a+1;a+2 là ba số nguyên liên tiếp
nên \(A=a\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)⋮3!=6\)
b: \(B=\left(2a-1\right)^3-\left(2a-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2a-1\right)\left[\left(2a-1\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(2a-1\right)\left(2a-2\right)\cdot2a\)
\(=4a\left(a-1\right)\left(2a-1\right)\)
Vì a;a-1 là hai số liên tiếp nên a(a-1) chia hết cho 2
=>B chia hết cho 8
a: \(=\dfrac{4a^2-4a+1-4a^2-2a+6a+3}{\left(2a-1\right)\left(2a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{\left(2a-1\right)\left(2a+1\right)}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{x-1-x-1+2x^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=2\)
d: \(=\dfrac{x-5+6x}{x\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{7x-5}{x\left(x+3\right)}\)
e: \(=\dfrac{x^2-4+3}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2-1}{x-2}\)
i: \(=\dfrac{x}{x\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{3}{5x}=\dfrac{1}{x-4}-\dfrac{3}{5x}\)
\(=\dfrac{5x-3x+12}{5x\left(x-4\right)}=\dfrac{2x+12}{5x\left(x-4\right)}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có: \(D=\dfrac{2a^3+a^2+2a+4}{2a+1}=\dfrac{a^2\left(2a+1\right)+\left(2a+1\right)+3}{2a+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)+3}{2a+1}=\dfrac{\left(2a+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}{2a+1}+\dfrac{3}{2a+1}\) \(=a^2+1+\dfrac{3}{2a+1}\)
Để \(D\in Z\) <=> \(a^2+1+\dfrac{3}{2a+1}\in Z\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2\in Z\\\dfrac{3}{2a+1}\in Z\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\in Z\\\dfrac{3}{2a+1}\in Z\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để \(\dfrac{3}{2a+1}\in Z\) <=> \(3⋮2a+1\)
mà \(a\in Z\) => \(2a+1\inƯ_{\left(3\right)}=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
Ta có bảng:
Vậy \(D\in Z\) khi \(a\in\left\{0;\pm1;-2\right\}\)