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Ta có: P(2019) = 2019a + b
P(1) = a + b
Khi đó, ta có: |P(2019) - P(1)| = |(2019a + b) - (a + b)| = |2019a + b - a - b| = |2018a|
Vì a \(\ne\)0 => |2018a| \(\ne\)0 => |2018a| \(\ge\)2018
Vậy |P(2019) - P(1)| \(\ge\)2018
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(P(x)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} P(-1)=a-b+c\\ P(3)=9a+3b+c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Suy ra: \(P(3)-P(-1)=9a+3b+c-(a-b+c)\)
\(=8a+4b=4(2a+b)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow P(3)=P(-1)\)
\(\Rightarrow P(-1)P(3)=[P(3)]^2\geq 0\)
Ta có đpcm.
2a+b=0=>b=-2a
p(x)=ax^2 -2ax+c
p(-1)=a(-1)^2-2a(-1)+c=3a+c
p(3)=9a-6a+c=3a+c
p(-1).p(3)=(3a+c)^2 >=0=>dpcm
Xét 3 TH :
1) a < b
Khi đó ta có ab + 2009a < ab + 2009b hay a(b+2009) < b(a+2009)
Chia 2 vế cho b(b+2009) ta được a/b < (a+2009)/(b+2009)
2) a = b ---> a/b = (a+2009)/(b+2009) = 1
3) a > b
Khi đó ta có ab + 2009a > ab + 2009b hay a(b+2009) > b(a+2009)
Chia 2 vế cho b(b+2009) ta được a/b > (a+2009)/(b+2009)
Tóm lại
a/b < (a+2009)/(b+2009) nếu a < b
a/b = (a+2009)/(b+2009) nếu a = b
a/b > (a+2009)/(b+2009) nếu a > b
ta có: 2a + b = 0
\(\Rightarrow2a=-b\Rightarrow a=\frac{-b}{2}\)
ta có: \(P_{\left(-1\right)}=a.\left(-1\right)^2+b.\left(-1\right)+c\)
\(P_{\left(-1\right)}=a-b+c\)
thay số: \(P_{\left(-1\right)}=\frac{-b}{2}-b+c\)
\(P_{\left(-1\right)}=\frac{-b}{2}-\frac{2b}{2}+c=\frac{-b-2b}{2}+c\)
\(P_{\left(-1\right)}=\frac{-3b}{2}+c\)
ta có: \(P_{\left(3\right)}=a.3^2+b.3+c\)
\(P_{\left(3\right)}=a9+3b+c\)
thay số: \(P_{\left(3\right)}=\frac{-b}{2}.9+3b+c\)
\(P_{\left(3\right)}=\frac{-9b}{2}+\frac{6b}{2}+c\)
\(P_{\left(3\right)}=\frac{-9b+6b}{2}+c\)
\(P_{\left(3\right)}=\frac{-3b}{2}+c\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{\left(-1\right)}.P_{\left(3\right)}=\left(\frac{-3b}{2}+c\right).\left(\frac{-3b}{2}+c\right)\)
\(P_{\left(-1\right)}.P_{\left(3\right)}=\left(\frac{-3b}{2}+c\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{\left(-1\right)}.P_{\left(3\right)}\ge0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có :
\(P\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}P\left(-1\right)=a.\left(-1\right)^2+b.\left(-1\right)+c\\P\left(3\right)=a.3^2+b.3+c\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}P\left(-1\right)=a-b+c\\P\left(3\right)=9a+3b+c\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)-P\left(-1\right)=\left(9a+3b+c\right)-\left(a-b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)-P\left(-1\right)=9a+3b+c-a+b-c\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)-P\left(-1\right)=8a+4b\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)-P\left(-1\right)=4\left(2a+b\right)\)
Mà \(2a+b=0\Rightarrow4\left(2a+b\right)=0\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)-P\left(-1\right)=0\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)=P\left(-1\right)\)
Nên :
\(P\left(3\right).P\left(-1\right)=P\left(-1\right).P\left(-1\right)=\left[P\left(-1\right)\right]^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(3\right).P\left(-1\right)\ge0\left(Đpcm\right)\)
P/s : Đúng nha
Ta có :
\(P\left(x\right)=ax+b\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}P\left(2018\right)=a.2018+b\\P\left(1\right)=a.1+b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}P\left(2018\right)=2018a+b\\P\left(1\right)=a+b\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(2018\right)-P\left(1\right)=2018a+b-\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\left(2018\right)-P\left(1\right)=2017a\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|P\left(2018\right)-P\left(1\right)\right|=\left|2017a\right|\)
Do a khác 0
\(\Rightarrow\left|2017a\right|\ge2017\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|P\left(2018\right)-P\left(1\right)\right|\ge2017\)
Vậy \(\left|P\left(2018\right)-P\left(1\right)\right|\ge2017\left(đpcm\right)\)