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Áp dụng bđt Svacsơ ta có :
\(P=\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{x^2}{x+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
ta lại có : \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2+x^2\right)\ge\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)( bunhiacopxki )
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\left|xy+yz+xz\right|\ge xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3zx\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) có GTNN là \(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) tại \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)\le\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{6x^2y^2z^2}\le\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{6x^2y^2z^2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z=1\)
mình nhầm :) làm lại nhé
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)\le\frac{\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}{6xyz}\le\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2xyz}\le\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(3=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz\le1\)
\(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{y^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}\le\frac{x^2+1+1}{3}+\frac{y^2+1+1}{3}+\frac{z^2+1+1}{3}=3\)
Ta co:
\(A=\frac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{xz}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}=\frac{x\sqrt[3]{x}}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}+\frac{y\sqrt[3]{y}}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}+\frac{z\sqrt[3]{z}}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(\ge x\sqrt[3]{x}+y\sqrt[3]{y}+z\sqrt[3]{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A\ge3\left(x\sqrt[3]{x}+y\sqrt[3]{y}+z\sqrt[3]{z}\right)\ge\left(x\sqrt[3]{x}+y\sqrt[3]{y}+z\sqrt[3]{z}\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{y^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz, ta có: \(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=3=x^2+y^2+z^2\)(Do \(x^2+y^2+z^2=3\))
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz.1}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{zx.1}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy.1}}\)
\(\ge\frac{x}{\frac{y+z+1}{3}}+\frac{y}{\frac{z+x+1}{3}}+\frac{z}{\frac{x+y+1}{3}}\)\(=\frac{3x}{y+z+1}+\frac{3y}{z+x+1}+\frac{3z}{x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{3x^2}{xy+zx+x}+\frac{3y^2}{yz+xy+y}+\frac{3z^2}{zx+yz+z}\)\(\ge\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)}\)(Theo BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz dạng Engle)
\(\ge\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2}=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=3=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
http://diendantoanhoc.net/topic/160455-%C4%91%E1%BB%81-to%C3%A1n-v%C3%B2ng-2-tuy%E1%BB%83n-sinh-10-chuy%C3%AAn-b%C3%ACnh-thu%E1%BA%ADn-2016-2017/
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(A=\frac{x}{x^2+yz}+\frac{y}{y^2+xz}+\frac{z}{z^2+xy}\leq \frac{x}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{yz}\right)+\frac{y}{4}\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{xz}\right)+\frac{z}{4}\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{xy}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\leq \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{x}{yz}+\frac{y}{xz}+\frac{z}{xy}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\leq \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}+\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}\right)\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT Cauchy, ta biết rằng \(xy+yz+xz\leq x^2+y^2+z^2\)
Do đó:
\(A\leq \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}+\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}\right)=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2xyz}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy $A_{\max}=\frac{1}{2}$. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z=3$
ĐẶt \(\left(x,y,z\right)\rightarrow\left(a,b,c\right)\) ( cho dễ nhìn thôi ko có ý j cả :) )
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a^4+bc\ge2\sqrt{a^4bc}=2a^2\sqrt{bc}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{a^4+bc}\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2\sqrt{bc}}=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{bc}}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng lại :
\(P\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{ac}}\). Lại theo AM-GM có
\(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\) khi đó
\(P\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{ca}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{x^2}{y+1}+\frac{y+1}{4}\ge x;\frac{y^2}{z+1}+\frac{z+1}{4}\ge y;\frac{z^2}{x+1}+\frac{x+1}{4}\ge z\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}.2=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2}}{\frac{zx+1}{x}}+\frac{\frac{\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2}}{\frac{xy+1}{y}}+\frac{\frac{\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2}}{\frac{yz+1}{z}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{a_1^2}{b_1}+\frac{a_2^2}{b_2}+\frac{a_3^2}{b_3}\ge\frac{\left(a_1+a_2+a_3\right)^2}{b_1+b_2+b_3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a_1}{b_1}=\frac{a_2}{b_2}=\frac{a_3}{c_3}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}\)
\(P\ge a+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
=> \(P\ge x+y+z+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\left[x+y+z+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}}=3;\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{27}{4\cdot\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{9}{2}\)
=> \(P\ge3+\frac{9}{2}=\frac{15}{2}\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy MinP=\(\frac{15}{2}\)đạt được khi x=y=z=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\frac{x\left(yz+1\right)^2}{z^2\left(zx+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(zx+1\right)^2}{x^2\left(xy+1\right)}+\frac{z\left(xy+1\right)^2}{y^2\left(yz+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\frac{yz+1}{z}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{zx+1}{x}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{zx+1}{x}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{xy+1}{y}\right)}+\frac{\left(\frac{xy+1}{y}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{yz+1}{z}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức, ta có:
\(\frac{\left(y+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{z+\frac{1}{x}}+\frac{\left(z+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2}{x+\frac{1}{y}}+\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{y+\frac{1}{z}}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}=x+y+z+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{x+y+z}=\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(+\frac{27}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right).\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}}+\frac{27}{4.\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{15}{2}\)(Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có :
\(P=\frac{x^2}{x^4+yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^4+xz}+\frac{z^2}{z^4+xy}\)
\(\le\frac{x^2}{2x^2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{2y^2\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{2z^2\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{xyz}\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3xyz}{xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
\(P\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)