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bài 2 : ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge0\) và \(x\ne1\)
Rút gọn :\(B=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{5\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}\)
\(B=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}-\frac{5\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1-x+2\sqrt{x}-1-5\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{-\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(B=\frac{-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
Bài 1:
a) \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}-\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{2}-\frac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{2}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}+1-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)=2\)
b) \(\frac{2}{5-\sqrt{3}}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(5+\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(5+\sqrt{3}\right)}+\frac{3\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(5+\sqrt{3}\right)}{2}+\frac{3\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{3}\right)}{3}\)
\(=5+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{3}=5+\sqrt{6}\)
c) ĐK: \(a\ge0;a\ne1\)
\(\left(1+\frac{a+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{a}}\right).\left(1-\frac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)+a\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{1+\sqrt{a}}\right).\left(1-\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}-1}\right)+a\)
\(=\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)+a\)
\(=1-a+a=1\)
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}-2}-\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{5}+2}{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)}-\sqrt{5-4\sqrt{5}+4}\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{5}+2}{5-4}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}+2-\sqrt{5}+2=4\)
\(B=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{x-\sqrt{x}}=\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b) Với x >0 và x khác 1 (1)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{6}A>B\) <=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}< 4\cdot\frac{1}{6}\)
<=> \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}}< \frac{2}{3}\) <=> \(3\sqrt{x}-3< 2\sqrt{x}\) <=> \(\sqrt{x}< 3\) <=> x < 9 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => 0 < x < 9 và x khác 1
\(A=\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left[\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\right]\left[\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2-2.\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}.\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}+\left(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left[\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{x-1}\right]\left(\frac{1}{4x}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{x}{4}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(\frac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4x}-\frac{2x}{4x}+\frac{x^2}{4x}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{-4\sqrt{x}}{x-1}.\frac{\left(1-x\right)^2}{4x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{1-x}.\frac{\left(1-x\right)^2}{4x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b) \(\frac{A}{\sqrt{x}}>1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-x}{\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}}>1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-x>1\Leftrightarrow x< 0\)
\(A=\frac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}-\frac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\sqrt{x}+1\)
\(=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}+1-x+2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
b) \(x=6-2\sqrt{5}=\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\)
Thay x vào A , ta được \(A=3+\sqrt{5}\)