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a) Theo bđt cauchy ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+b^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3.b^6}=3ab^2\)
\(a^3+a^3+b^3\ge3a^2b\)
công vế theo vế ta có \(3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge3ab^2+3a^2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^3\)
suy ra đpcm
ta luôn có \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
suy ra đpcm
\(C=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(D< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2016.2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< 1-\frac{1}{2017}< 1\)
Vậy C > D
Bài 1:
Áp dụng t.c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\\ =\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{a.b.c}{b.c.d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
a, Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\Rightarrow a=kb;c=kd\)
Thay:
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=> đpcm
a) \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow ad=cb\)
=> \(ad+bd=bc+bd\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+b\right)=b\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
Đặt:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b}=k+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c+d}{d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d}=k+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left[b\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\rightarrowđpcm\)
Quá dài dòng ~.~
Có: \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}=\frac{a^4}{a^3b}+\frac{b^4}{b^3c}+\frac{c^4}{c^3a}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^3b+b^3c+c^3a}=\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{9\left(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\right)}\)
Cần CM Bđt:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge9\left(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\right)\)
hay: \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge9\left(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\right)\)
Sử dụng Bđt phụ: \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge3\left(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\right)\)
Thu gọn bất đẳng thức cần CM còn: \(\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge3\left(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\right)\)
Cm tương đương là xong.
Như vậy: \(VT\ge\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{9\left(a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\right)}\ge\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=VP\)
End./.
Bài 1:
$\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=t\Rightarrow a=bt; c=dt$. Khi đó:
\(\frac{2a^2-3ab+5b^2}{2a^2+3ab}=\frac{2(bt)^2-3.bt.b+5b^2}{2(bt)^2+3bt.b}=\frac{b^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{b^2(2t^2+3t)}\)
$=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(1)$
\(\frac{2c^2-3cd+5d^2}{2c^2+3cd}=\frac{2(dt)^2-3.dt.d+5d^2}{2(dt)^2+3dt.d}=\frac{d^2(2t^2-3t+5)}{d^2(2t^2+3t)}=\frac{2t^2-3t+5}{2t^2+3t}(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra đpcm.
Bài 2:
Từ $\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=ab$. Khi đó:
$\frac{b^2-c^2}{a^2+c^2}=\frac{b^2-ab}{a^2+ab}=\frac{b(b-a)}{a(a+b)}$ (đpcm)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+b^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{4}}=\dfrac{2ab}{2}=ab\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+c^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2c^2}{4}}=\dfrac{2ac}{2}=ac\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+d^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2d^2}{4}}=\dfrac{2ad}{2}=ad\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{4}}=\dfrac{2a}{2}=a\)
Cộng theo vế: \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+1\ge ab+ac+ad+a=a\left(b+c+d+1\right)\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=2;b=c=d=1\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+1\ge a\left(b+c+d+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4-4ab-4ac-4ad-4a\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+4c^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ad^2+4d^2\right)+\left(a^2-4a+4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = 2; b = c = d = 1