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Bài 1: \(a+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}=\left(a-b\right)+b+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta thu được đpcm (mình làm ở đâu đó rồi mà:)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a =2; b =1 (tự giải ra)
Bài 2: Thêm đk a,b,c >0.
Theo BĐT Cauchy \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{c^2}}=\frac{2a}{c}\). Tương tự với hai cặp còn lại và cộng theo vế ròi 6chia cho 2 hai có đpcm.
Bài 3: Nó sao sao ấy ta?
Cái này không khó :v
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Face khác ;v, theo AM-GM, ta có
\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\)
Vậy ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=2
ko dùng điều kiện :)
\(sigma\sqrt{\frac{1+a^2}{b+c}}\ge sigma\frac{a+1}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)}}\ge sigma\frac{2\left(a+1\right)}{b+c+2}=sigma\left(\frac{2a^2}{ab+ca+2a}+\frac{2}{b+c+2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+2\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{18}{2\left(a+b+c\right)+6}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c+3}+\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}=3\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
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Ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}=\frac{a^2+ab-ab}{a+b}=a-\frac{ab}{a+b}\le a-\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)(1)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^2}{b+c}\le b-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\\\frac{c^2}{a+c}\le c-\frac{\sqrt{ac}}{2}\end{cases}}\)(2)
Nhhan (1);(2) lại ta được
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+c}\ge a+b+c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bc}}{2}=a+b+c-3\)
Ta lại có : \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{bc}=6\) (tự cm)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+c}\ge6-3=3\)(đpcm)
Ta có BĐT sau: \(\sqrt{\frac{1+a^2}{b+c}}\ge\frac{a+1}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)}}\)(*)
Thật vậy, với a,b,c dương, ta có: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+a^2}{b+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{2\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+a^2}{b+c}\ge\frac{\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{2}}{b+c}\Leftrightarrow1+a^2\ge\frac{a^2}{2}+a+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{2}\ge0\)(đúng với mọi \(a\inℝ\))
Tương tự, ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{1+b^2}{c+a}}\ge\frac{b+1}{\sqrt{2\left(c+a\right)}}\)(2); \(\sqrt{\frac{1+c^2}{a+b}}\ge\frac{c+1}{\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)}}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của các BĐT (*), (2), (3), ta được:
\(\Sigma\sqrt{\frac{1+a^2}{b+c}}\ge\Sigma\frac{a+1}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\Sigma\frac{a+1}{\frac{\left(b+c\right)+2}{2}}=\Sigma\frac{2\left(a+1\right)}{b+c+2}\)
\(=\Sigma\left(\frac{2a^2}{ab+ca+2a}+\frac{2}{b+c+2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)(Theo BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)
\(\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c+3}+\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c+3\right)}{a+b+c+3}=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1