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a) Đặt \(A=\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=2.\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^4-1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(...\)
\(2A=\left(3^{32}-1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=3^{64}-1\)
\(A=\frac{3^{64}-1}{2}\)
a ) \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2.0=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=0\)
Do \(a^2\ge0;b^2\ge0;c^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge0\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=0\) ( * )
Thay * vào biểu thức M , ta được :
\(M=\left(0-1\right)^{1999}+0^{2000}+\left(0+1\right)^{2001}\)
\(=-1^{1999}+0+1^{2001}\)
\(=-1+0+1\)
\(=0\)
Vậy \(M=0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc}{abc}+\dfrac{ac}{abc}+\dfrac{ab}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc+ac+ab-1}{abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc+ac+ab-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc+ac+ab=1\)
Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow bc+ac+ab=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2bc+2ac+2ab=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2bc-2ac-2ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
Do \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0;\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0;\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Mà \(P=\dfrac{a+b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+c}{a+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=1+1+1=3\)
Vậy \(P=3\)
1. biến đổi vế trái
= a2x2 + a2y2 + b2x2 + b2y2
= (ax -by)2 + (bx+ ay)2 - 2abxy + 2abxy
= (ax -by)2 + ( bx + ay)2 = vế phải( dpcm)
Câu 1:
- Chứng minh a3+b3+c3=3abc thì a+b+c=0
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow0=0\) Đúng (Đpcm)
- Chứng minh a3+b3+c3=3abc thì a=b=c
Áp dụng Bđt Cô si 3 số ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3c^3}=3abc\)
Dấu = khi a=b=c (Đpcm)
Câu 2
Từ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{c^2}+\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}=\frac{abc}{c^3}+\frac{abc}{a^3}+\frac{abc}{b^3}\)
\(=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)\)
\(=abc\cdot3\cdot\frac{1}{abc}=3\)
Do a\(\ge\)-1
=>2a+3\(\ge\)0
=>(a-3)2(2a+3)\(\ge0\)
=> (a2-6a+9)(2a+3)\(\ge0\)
=>2a3+3a2-12a2-18a+18a+27\(\ge0\)
=> 2a3-9a2+27\(\ge0\)
=>2a3\(\ge\)9a2-27
TT=>2b3\(\ge9b^2-27\)
2c3\(\ge9c^2-27\)
=>2M\(\ge\)9(a2+b2+c2)-81=9.9-81=0
=>\(M\ge0\)
ta có:\(a\ge-1\Rightarrow a+1\ge0\)
mà\(\left(a-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-4a+4\right)\)\(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-4a^2+4a+a^2-4a+4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+4-3a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+4\ge3a^2\)
tương tự:\(b^3+4\ge3b^2;c^3+4\ge3c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+12\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
mà\(a^2+b^2+c^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge27-12=15\)
Dấu "=" xayr ra khi:
\(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(-1;2;2\right);\left(2;2;-1\right);\left(2;-1;2\right)\)
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=-c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=\left(-c\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2=-c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\left(đpcm\right)\)
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