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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b^2}\cdot\frac{1}{a}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{b^2}}=\frac{2}{b}\)
\(\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b}{c^2}\cdot\frac{1}{b}}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\frac{c}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{c}{a^2}\cdot\frac{1}{c}}=\frac{2}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge6\)
=> \(-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6\)
=> \(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6.\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
=> \(1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\ge9\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge6\)(1)
Dễ thấy \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)(với a,b > 0)
=> (1) đúng
=> BĐTđược chứng minh
b)Đặt \(A=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
\(A=4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\).
\(A=\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).
Vì \(a>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta được:
\(4a+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{4.a.\frac{1}{a}}=4\left(1\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow4a=\frac{1}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(4b+\frac{1}{b}\ge4\left(b>0\right)\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{1}{2}\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(4c+\frac{1}{c}\ge4\left(c>0\right)\left(3\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=\frac{1}{2}\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge4+4+4=12\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\)\(12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(4\right)\).
Mặt khác, ta có: \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\le\frac{9}{2}\).
\(\Rightarrow-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge-\frac{9}{2}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{15}{2}\left(5\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=\frac{3}{2}\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(A\ge\frac{15}{2}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\).
Vậy với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\)thì \(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{15}{2}\).
a) Ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}-\frac{b^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}-\frac{c^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}-\frac{a^2}{c+a}\) \(=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}=\frac{b^2}{a+b}+\frac{c^2}{b+c}+\frac{a^2}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\right)=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}+\frac{a^2}{c+a}\)\(\ge\frac{2ab}{a+b}+\frac{2bc}{b+c}+\frac{2ca}{c+a}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
b) \(a^2b^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot ab\cdot2ab\cdot\left(a^2+b^2\right)\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\cdot\frac{\left(2ab+a^2+b^2\right)^2}{4}=2\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
Ta có 27^5=3^3^5=3^15
243^3=3^5^3=3^15
Vậy A=B
2^300=2^(3.100)=2^3^100=8^100
3^200=3^(2.100)=3^2^100=9^100
Vậy A<B
Ta có : \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}=\frac{\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)-2ab}{a+b}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab}{a+b}=a+b-\frac{2ab}{a+b}\)
Vì a;b > 0 nên theo cô si thì \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2ab}{a+b}\le\frac{2ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=\sqrt{ab}\)\(\Rightarrow a+b-\frac{2ab}{a+b}\ge a+b-\sqrt{ab}\left(1\right)\)
CM tương tự ta cũng có : \(\frac{b^2+c^2}{b+c}\ge b+c-\sqrt{bc}\left(2\right);\frac{c^2+a^2}{c+a}\ge c+a-\sqrt{ca}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế của (1) ; (2) ; (3) với nhau ta được :
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{c+a}\ge a+b-\sqrt{ab}+bc-\sqrt{bc}+c+a-\sqrt{ca}\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{ac}-\sqrt{bc}\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(2a+2b+2c-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ac}\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\ge a+b+c\)(do \(\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{c}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2\right]\ge0\)) (ĐPCM)
Vậy \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{c+a}\ge a+b+c\)
Bài 1:Cách thông thường nhất là sos hoặc cauchy-Schwarz nhưng thôi ko làm:v Thử cách này cho nó mới dù rằng ko chắc
Giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\Rightarrow c\le1\Rightarrow a+b=3-c\ge2\) và \(a\ge1\)
Ta có \(LHS=a^3.a+b^3.b+c^3.c\)
\(=\left(a^3-b^3\right)a+\left(b^3-c^3\right)\left(a+b\right)+c^3\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\ge\left(a^3-b^3\right).1+\left(b^3-c^3\right).2+3c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3=RHS\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz dưới dạng Engel ta có :
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{c}+\frac{\left(c+b\right)^2}{a}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+b+c+a\right)^2}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2a+2b+2c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c}=4\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Do a,b,c đối xứng , giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\) \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2\ge b^2\ge c^2\\\frac{a}{b+c}\ge\frac{b}{a+c}\ge\frac{c}{a+b}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Trư - bê - sép , ta có :
\(a^2.\frac{a}{b+c}+b^2.\frac{b}{a+c}+c^2.\frac{c}{b+c}\ge\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}.\left(\frac{a}{b+C}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(vậy\) \(\frac{a^3}{b+c}+\frac{b^3}{a+c}+\frac{c^3}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)( Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Chebyshev như vầy nhé :
Ta có :
\(3.\Sigma\left(a^2.\frac{a}{b+c}\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)=\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Nesbit , ta có :
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Suy ra : \(3.\Sigma\left(a^2.\frac{a}{b+c}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
<=> \(\Sigma\left(a^2.\frac{a}{b+c}\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a = b = c = \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}=\frac{a^2+ab-ab}{a+b}=\frac{a\left(a+b\right)-ab}{a+b}=a-\frac{ab}{a+b}\ge a-\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)(1)
Tương tự ta cx có :\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^2}{b+c}\ge b-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\left(2\right)\\\frac{c^2}{a+c}\ge c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng các vế tương ứng của (1); (2); (3) ta được :
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+c}\ge a+b+c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{2a+2a+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ac}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ac}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2\right]}{2}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)(đpcm)