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Áp dụng : A = - A => A = 0
Từ \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-\left(b+c\right)\\b=-\left(c+a\right)\\c=-\left(a+b\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\left(y+z\right)\\y=-\left(x+z\right)\\z=-\left(x+y\right)\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2\\y^2=\left(x+z\right)^2\\z^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\end{cases}}}\)
Và \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)\(\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
Ta có : \(x^2a+y^2b+x^2c=\)\(\left(y+z\right)^2a+\left(x+z\right)^2b+\left(x+y\right)^2c\)
= \(x^2\left(b+c\right)+y^2\left(c+a\right)+z^2\left(a+b\right)\)\(+2\left(ayz+bxz+cxy\right)\)
= \(-\left(x^2a+y^2b+z^2c\right)\) => \(x^2a+y^2b+x^2c=\) 0
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=-b-c\\x=-y-z\end{cases}}\)
\(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(-b-c\right)}{\left(-y-z\right)}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2byz+2cyz+bz^2+cy^2=0\)
Ta lại có:
\(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=\left(-b-c\right)\left(-y-z\right)^2+by^2+cz^2\)
\(=-2byz-2cyz-bz^2-cy^2=0\)
Cho a+b+c = 0 ; x+y+z = 0 và \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
CMR : \(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=0\)
Có:
\(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x=y+z\\-y=x+z\\-z=x+y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=\left(y+z\right)^2\\y^2=\left(x+z\right)^2\\z^2=\left(x+y\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow ax^2+by^2+cz^2\)
\(=a\left(y+z\right)^2+b\left(x+z\right)^2+c\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2\left(b+c\right)+y^2\left(a+c\right)+z^2\left(a+b\right)+2\left(ayz+bxz+cxy\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c=-a\\a+c=-b\\a+b=-c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đồng thời có: \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
Từ đây ta có:)
\(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=-ax^2-by^2-cz^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(ax^2+by^2+cz^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ax^2+by^2+cz^2=0\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có (a+b+c)*(x^2+y^2+z^2)=0
vì a+b+c=0 suy ra (a+b+c)*(x^2+y^2+z^2)=0
suy ra ax^2+by^2+cz^2=0
Ta có (a+b+c)*(x^2+y^2+z^2)=0
vì a+b+c=0 suy ra (a+b+c)*(x^2+y^2+z^2)=0
suy ra ax^2+by^2+cz^2=0
từ x + y + z = 0 suy ra x2 = ( y + z )2 , y2 = ( x + z )2 , z2 = ( x + y )2
Do đó : ax2 + by2 + cz2 = a ( y + z )2 + b ( x + z )2 + c ( x + y )2
= a ( y2 + 2yz + z2 ) + b ( x2 + 2xz + z2 ) + c ( x2 + 2xy + y2 )
= x2 ( b + c ) + y2 ( a + c ) + z2 ( a + b ) + 2 ( ayz + bxz + cxy ) ( 1 )
Thay b + c = -a, a + c = -b , a + b = -c do a + b + c = 0
Thay ayz + bxz + cxy = 0 do \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\) vào ( 1 ), ta được :
ax2 + by2 + cz2 = -ax2 - by2 - cz2
nên 2ax2 + 2by2 + 2cz2 = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)ax2 + by2 + cz2 = 0
\(\frac{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=a^2x^2+a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2+c^2z^2\)
Mà \(\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2x^2+2abxy+2acxz+2bcyz\)
Nên \(a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2=2abxy+2acxz+2bcyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2-2abxy-2acxz-2bcyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2y^2-2abxy+b^2x^2\right)+\left(a^2z^2-2acxz+c^2x^2\right)+\left(b^2z^2-2bcyz+c^2y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ay-bx=0\\az-cx=0\\bz-cy=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ay=bx\\az=cx\\bz=cy\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}\\\frac{a}{x}=\frac{c}{z}\\\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\) (đpcm)
Ta có \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\Leftrightarrow ayz+bzx+cxy=0\).
Do đó: \(ax^2+by^2+cz^2=\left(ax+by+cz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-axy-axz-byz-byx-czx-czy=0-xy\left(a+b\right)-yz\left(b+c\right)-zx\left(c+a\right)=0+xyc+yza+zxb=0\).