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Ta có: \(\left(a^4-a^3+2\right)-\left(a+1\right)=\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow a^4-a^3+2\ge a+1\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge ab+a+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\); \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{ac}{abc^2+abc+ac}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{c}{ac+c+1}+\frac{ac}{ac+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)(abc = 1)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz :
\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT quen thuộc \(x+y+z\ge\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\) :
\(\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Đặt vế trái là P và \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=4\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(P=\frac{1}{xy+2yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+2zx}+\frac{1}{2xy+yz+zx}\le\frac{1}{xyz}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{xy+yz+yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+xy+yz+zx}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{2}{zx}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.\frac{4}{xyz}=\frac{1}{xyz}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{4}{3}\) hay \(a=b=c=\frac{16}{9}\)
a) Ta có BĐT:
\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+abc\ge ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự cho 2 bất đẳng thức còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{bc\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{ca\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}=VP\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{\sqrt{abc}}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{c}}}\right)\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{abc}}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}}{16}\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{abc}}\)
Dấu "=" xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{16}{9}\)
Ta có:\(a^5+ab+b^2\ge3a^2b\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{3ab\left(a+2c\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3bc\left(b+2a\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3ca\left(c+2b\right)}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{2b+c}}\right)\)
Ta cũng có:\(a+2c=a+c+c\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{c}}+\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{b}}\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c}};y=\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}};z=\frac{\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{b}};xyz=1\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}\)
Giả sử \(xy\le1\) thì \(z\ge1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+2}+\frac{1}{y+2}+\frac{1}{z+2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\frac{x}{2}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{y}{2}+1}\right)+\frac{1}{z+2}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{1\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{2}}+\frac{1}{z+2}\le1\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\) thì x, y, z > 0; x + y + z = 1. Quy về: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{zx}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{xy}}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\ge1+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z+xy}+\sqrt{xy}}\ge1\) (chuyển vế qua nhóm lại rồi liên hợp)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\)
BĐT này đúng! Thật vậy:
\(VT\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)+\left(z+z\right)}{2}+\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\)
Ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)