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Vì \(0\le a\le2;0\le b\le2;0\le c\le2\Rightarrow\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow8-4\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c\right)-8+abc\ge4\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge12-8+abc\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le-4\)
Ta có :
\(a+b+c=3\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=9-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9-4=5\Rightarrowđpcm\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi
\(\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)=0\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2-a=0\\2-b=0\\2-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=2\\c=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8-4\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c\right)-8+abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge12-8+abc\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le-4\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=9-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9-4=5\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)=0\\abc=0\\a+b+c=3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2;1;0\right)\)và hoán vị.
a = 2 ( t/m )
b = 1 ( t/m )
c = 0 ( t/m )
vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2\le5\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\le2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+a^3b+ab^3\le2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left[\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3b^2}{4}\right]\ge0\) * đúng *
b
Hiển hiên
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\le2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(M\le\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}}=3\)
Vậy Mmax=3\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b=c\\1\le a,b,c\le2\end{matrix}\right.\)