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Ap dung bdt \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right).\left(x,y>0\right)\) lien tiep la duoc
Chuc bn thanh cong
svác-xơ ngược dấu.
\(\frac{16}{2a+3b+3c}=\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(c+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{2}{c+b}+\frac{1}{c+a}\)
Tương tự
\(\frac{16}{2b+3c+3a}\le\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
\(\frac{16}{2c+3a+3b}\le\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\)
Cộng lại ta được:
\(16VT\le4\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
1. Ta có : x + y + z = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)( x + y + z )2 = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)x2 + y2 + z2 = - 2 ( xy + yz + xz )\(S=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2\left(yz+xz+xy\right)}\)
\(S=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{-4\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-2\left(yz+xz+xy\right)}=\frac{-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}{-6\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Ta có
\(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{8a}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a+2b+c}\le\frac{1}{8b}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{8c}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\)
\(\sum\frac{1}{2a+b+c}=\sum\frac{1}{a+a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{16}\sum\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc+ac-ab}{abc}=0\)
Vì \(a,b,c\ne0\Rightarrow abc\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow bc+ac-ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(bc+ac\right)^2=\left(ab\right)^2\\\left(bc-ab\right)^2=\left(-ac\right)^2\\\left(ac-ab\right)^2=\left(-bc\right)^2\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b^2c^2+c^2a^2-a^2b^2=-2abc^2\\b^2c^2+a^2b^2-a^2c^2=2ab^2c\\a^2c^2+a^2b^2-b^2c^2=2a^2bc\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{2ab^2c}+\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{-2abc^2}+\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{2a^2bc}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{ac}{2}-\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{bc}{2}=\frac{ac-ab+bc}{2}=\frac{0}{2}=0\)
CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc+ac-ab}{abc}=0\)
Vì \(a,b,c\ne0\Rightarrow a.b.c\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow bc+ac-ab=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(bc+ac\right)^2=\left(ab\right)^2\\\left(bc-ab\right)^2=\left(-ac\right)^2\\\left(ac-ab\right)^2=\left(-bc\right)^2\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}b^2c^2+c^2a^2-a^2b^2=-abc^2\\b^2c^2+a^2b^2-a^2c^2=2ab^2c\\a^2c^2+a^2b^2-b^2c^2=2a^2bc\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{2ab^2c}+\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{-2abc^2}+\frac{a^2b^2c^2}{2a^2bc}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\frac{ac}{2}-\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{bc}{2}=\frac{ac-ab+bc}{2}=\frac{0}{2}=0\)
Vậy \(E=0\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
<=> \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
<=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\end{cases}}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\)
đến đây ez tự làm nốt nhé, ko ra ib mk
Từ giả thiết \(ab+bc+ca=2abc\)suy ra \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=2\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a};y=\frac{1}{b};z=\frac{1}{c}\)thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=2\\x,y,z>0\end{cases}}\)và bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành \(\frac{x^3}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(2-y\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(2-z\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)hay \(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(z+x\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức ta được \(\frac{x^3}{\left(y+z\right)^2}+\frac{y^3}{\left(z+x\right)^2}+\frac{z^3}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x\left(y+z\right)^2+y\left(z+x\right)^2+z\left(x+y\right)^2}\)\(=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+z^2y+6xyz}\)
Ta cần chứng minh\(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+z^2y+6xyz}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+z^2y+6xyz\)
Thật vậy, theo một đánh giá quen thuộc ta có \(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{3}\)
Mà ta lại có \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=x^3+y^3+z^3+x^2y+x^2z+y^2x+y^2z+z^2x+z^2y\)
Suy ra ta có \(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{3}\ge\frac{4\left(x^3+y^3+z^3+x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+yz^2\right)}{3}\)
Ta cần chỉ ra được \(4\left(x^3+y^3+z^3+x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+yz^2\right)\)\(\ge3\left(x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+yz^2+6xyz\right)\)
Hay\(4\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+yz^2\ge18xyz\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta được \(4\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge12xyz\); \(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x\ge3xyz\); \(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2\ge3xyz\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức trên ta được\(4\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+x^2y+y^2x+x^2z+z^2x+y^2z+yz^2\ge18xyz\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge6\)
=> \(-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6\)
=> \(-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le-6.\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
=> \(1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\ge9\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge6\)(1)
Dễ thấy \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)(với a,b > 0)
=> (1) đúng
=> BĐTđược chứng minh
b)Đặt \(A=a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
\(A=4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\).
\(A=\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).
Vì \(a>0\)nên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 2 số dương, ta được:
\(4a+\frac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{4.a.\frac{1}{a}}=4\left(1\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow4a=\frac{1}{a}\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{2}\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(4b+\frac{1}{b}\ge4\left(b>0\right)\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{1}{2}\).
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(4c+\frac{1}{c}\ge4\left(c>0\right)\left(3\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=\frac{1}{2}\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge4+4+4=12\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4a+\frac{1}{a}\right)+\left(4b+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(4c+\frac{1}{c}\right)-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\)\(12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\).
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(4\right)\).
Mặt khác, ta có: \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\le\frac{9}{2}\).
\(\Rightarrow-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge-\frac{9}{2}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow12-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{15}{2}\left(5\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=\frac{3}{2}\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(A\ge\frac{15}{2}\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\).
Vậy với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\)thì \(a+b+c+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{15}{2}\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{2a+b+c}\)(1)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+2b+c}\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+b+2c}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế ta được
\(16\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\right)\le4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le1\)