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Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}=1+b-\dfrac{4a^2\left(b+1\right)}{4a^2+1}\ge1+b-\dfrac{4a^2\left(b+1\right)}{4a}=1+b-a\left(b+1\right)\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta có:
\(\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}\ge1+c-b\left(c+1\right);\dfrac{1+a}{1+4c^2}\ge1+a-c\left(a+1\right)\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}+\dfrac{1+a}{1+c^2}\)
\(\ge3+\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=3-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{9}{4}=\dfrac{9}{4}=VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(VT=\left(\dfrac{a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+4b^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+4b^2}\right)\)
\(VT=\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\right)+3-\left(\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\right)\)
Xét \(\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+4c^2\ge2\sqrt{4c^2}=4c\\1+4a^2\ge2\sqrt{4a^2}=4a\\1+4b^2\ge2\sqrt{4b^2}=4b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}\le\dfrac{4c^2a}{4c}=ca\\\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}\le\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}=ab\\\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\le\dfrac{4b^2c}{4b}=bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (1)
Xét \(3-\left(\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+4c^2\ge2\sqrt{4c^2}=4c\\1+4a^2\ge2\sqrt{4a^2}=4a\\1+4b^2\ge2\sqrt{4b^2}=4b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}\le\dfrac{4c^2}{4c}=c\\\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}\le\dfrac{4a^2}{4a}=a\\\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\le\dfrac{4b^2}{4b}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (3)
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\dfrac{3}{4}\le3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{4}\le3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (4)
Từ (3) và (4)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}+\dfrac{1+a}{1+4c^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\) (đpcm)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 3:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3}{10}\)
=>3a=10b
=>\(a=\dfrac{10b}{3}\)
Do đó:\(B=\dfrac{4a\left(4a-10b\right)}{4a\left(2a-6b\right)}=\dfrac{a+3a-10b}{\dfrac{2.10b-18b}{3}}=\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{2}{3}b}=\dfrac{3a}{2b}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{3.10b}{3}}{2b}=\dfrac{10b}{2b}=5\)
bài 3 : a, cho \(3a^2+3b^2=10ab\) và b>a>0. tính gt biểu thức A= \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}\)
\(3a^2+3b^2=10ab\)
\(\Rightarrow3a^2-10ab+3b^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3a^2-9ab-ab+3b^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(3a^2-9ab\right)-\left(ab-3b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow3a\left(a-3b\right)-b\left(a-3b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-3b\right)\left(3a-b\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-3b=0\\3a-b=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3b\left(loai\right)\\a=\dfrac{b}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a= 3b loại vì b > a > 0
Thay \(a=\dfrac{b}{3}\) vào biểu thức A ,có :
\(\dfrac{\dfrac{b}{3}-b}{\dfrac{b}{3}+b}=\dfrac{\dfrac{b-3b}{3}}{\dfrac{b+3b}{3}}=\dfrac{b-3b}{3}.\dfrac{3}{b+3b}=\dfrac{-2b}{4b}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy A =-1/2
b, tương tự tìm a theo b rồi thay vào biểu thức
Nếu bn ko lm đc thì bảo mk nha
\(\dfrac{4a^2-9b^2}{a^2b^2}\div\dfrac{2ax+3bx}{2ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2a-3b\right)\left(2a+3b\right)}{a^2b^2}\times\dfrac{2ab}{x\left(2a+3b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2ab\left(2a-3b\right)\left(2a+3b\right)}{a^2b^2x\left(2a+3b\right)}=\dfrac{4a-6b}{xab}\)
2 x25−4b2:15+2b
\(=\dfrac{2x}{\left(5-2b\right)\left(5+2b\right)}\times\dfrac{5+2b}{1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x\left(5+2b\right)}{\left(5-2b\right)\left(5+2b\right)}=\dfrac{2x}{5-2b}\)
(2−a)22ab.b(2−a)+12
\(=\dfrac{\left(2-a\right)^2b}{2ab\left(2-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2b-ab}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2b-ab}{2ab}+\dfrac{ab}{2ab}=\dfrac{2b}{2ab}=\dfrac{1}{a}\)
2 b+22b−b2:b+1b+2b+23b−6
\(=\dfrac{2\left(b+1\right)}{b\left(2-b\right)}\times\dfrac{b}{b+1}+\dfrac{2b+2}{3b-6}\)
\(=\dfrac{2b\left(b+1\right)}{\left(2-b\right)b\left(b+1\right)}+\dfrac{2b+2}{3b-6}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2-b}-\dfrac{2\left(b+1\right)}{3\left(2-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{6}{3\left(2-b\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(b+1\right)}{3\left(2-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{6-2\left(b+1\right)}{3\left(2-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4-2b}{3\left(2-b\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(2-b\right)}{3\left(2-b\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Đặt PT đã cho ở đề là A
Ta có : \(\sqrt{3a^2+8b^2+14ab}=\sqrt{3a\left(a+4b\right)+2b\left(a+4b\right)}=\sqrt{\left(3a+2b\right)\left(a+4b\right)}\)
\(\le\dfrac{3a+2b+a+4b}{2}=\dfrac{4a+6b}{2}=2a+3b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2+8b^2+14ab}}\ge\dfrac{a^2}{2a+3b}\)
Làm tương tự như trên , ta có :
\(\dfrac{b^2}{\sqrt{3b^2+8c^2+14bc}}\ge\dfrac{b^2}{2b+3c};\dfrac{c^2}{\sqrt{3c^2+8a^2+14ac}}\ge\dfrac{c^2}{2c+3a}\)
Nên : \(A\ge\dfrac{a^2}{2a+3b}+\dfrac{b^2}{2b+3c}+\dfrac{c^2}{2c+3a}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{5\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{5}{a+b+c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}=\dfrac{3a}{3b}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}=\dfrac{3a-2c}{3b-2d}\)
a/ \(\dfrac{a.c}{b.d}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right).\left(a-c\right)}{\left(b+d\right).\left(b-d\right)}=\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}\)
b/ \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{3a-2c}{3b-2d}=\dfrac{3a^2-2ac}{3b^2-2bd}\)
e) = \(\dfrac{3}{2\left(x+3\right)}\) - \(\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{3x}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) - \(\dfrac{x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\) = \(\dfrac{3x-x+6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{2x-6}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
= \(\dfrac{2\left(x-3\right)}{2x\left(x+3\right)}\)
c) = \(\dfrac{2\left(a^3-b^3\right)}{3\left(a+b\right)}\) . \(\dfrac{6\left(a+b\right)}{a^2-2ab+b^2}\)
= \(\dfrac{-2\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)}{3\left(a+b\right)}\) . \(\dfrac{6\left(a+b\right)}{a^2-2ab+b^2}\)
= \(\dfrac{-2\left(a+b\right)}{1}\) . \(\dfrac{2}{1}\) = -4 (a+b)