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Xét bđt sau :\(\left(a+b^3\right)\left(m+n\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{am}+\sqrt{b^3n}\right)^2\)(đúng theo bunhia nhé)
Chon \(m=a;n=\frac{1}{b}\)khi đó :
\(\left(a+b^3\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+b\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{a.a}+\sqrt{b^3.\frac{1}{b}}\right)^2\)
\(< =>\left(a+b^3\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+b\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(< =>a+b^3\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\frac{1}{a}+b}=\frac{a\left(a+b\right)^2}{1+ab}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{1}{a+b^3}\le\frac{1+ab}{a\left(a+b\right)^2}\)(*)
Bằng cách chứng minh tương tự ta được :\(\frac{1}{a^3+b}\le\frac{1+ab}{b\left(a+b\right)^2}\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra : \(\frac{1}{a+b^3}+\frac{1}{a^3+b}\le\frac{1+ab}{a\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1+ab}{b\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\left(\frac{1+ab}{a}+\frac{1+ab}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+a+\frac{1}{b}+b\right)\)
\(=\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a+b}=\frac{\frac{a+b}{ab}}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a+b}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó bài toán trở thành tìm GTLN của biểu thức :
\(A\le S=\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)-\frac{1}{ab}=\frac{a+b}{ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a+b}{a+b}-\frac{1}{ab}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab}+1-\frac{1}{ab}=1\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=1\)đạt được khi ...
chuyên KHTN 2017 ?
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky:
\(\left(a+b^3\right)\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\);\(\left(a^3+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+b\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\left(a+b\right)\left[\dfrac{a+\dfrac{1}{b}}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{b+\dfrac{1}{a}}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right]-\dfrac{1}{ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+b+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{ab}=1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=1
Ta có: \(2(1-\text{A})=2\Big[1- \left( a+b \right) \left(\frac{1}{a+b^3}+ \frac{1}{a^3+b}\right) +{\frac {1}{ab}}\Big] \)
\(={\frac { \left( {a}^{2}+{b}^{2} \right) \left( a-b \right) ^{2}}{ \left( {b}^{3}+a \right) \left( {a}^{3}+b \right) ab}}+{\frac {{a}^{ 3} \left( b+1 \right) ^{2} \left( b-1 \right) ^{2}}{ \left( {b}^{3}+a \right) \left( {a}^{3}+b \right) b}}+{\frac {{b}^{3} \left( a+1 \right) ^{2} \left( a-1 \right) ^{2}}{ \left( {b}^{3}+a \right) \left( {a}^{3}+b \right) a}}+\,{\frac {2 \left( ab-1 \right) ^{2}}{ \left( {b}^{3}+a \right) \left( {a}^{3}+b \right) }}\geq 0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $a=b.$
Bài toán chỉ có thế 
Bài 2:b) \(9=\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b^3}+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{c^3}+1+1\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\therefore\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le3\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(P\le\frac{1}{48}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
Ai có cách hay?
1/Đặt a=1/x,b=1/y,c=1/z ->x+y+z=1.
2a) \(VT=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\ge\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)^2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\)
\(=\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^4b^4}\right]}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{a^3b^3\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4\left(ab\right)^3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\right]^3}=\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)^3}\)
\(P=\frac{\frac{a^2+b^2+ab}{ab}.\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^2b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{a^4-2a^3b+a^2b^2+a^2b^2-2ab^3+b^4+a^3b-2a^2b^2+ab^3}{a^3b^3}}{\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^2b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^3b^3}:\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^2b^2}=\frac{1}{ab}\)
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{bc\left(1+a^2\right)}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}}=a\sqrt{\frac{1}{a+b}.\frac{1}{c+a}}\le\frac{\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{c+a}}{2}\)
Tương tự 2 cái còn lại cộng lại ta đc \(VT\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Cach khac
Dat \(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{bc\left(1+a^2\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{ca\left(1+b^2\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{ab\left(1+c^2\right)}}\)
Ta co:
\(a+b+c=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Dat \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{1+z^2}}\)
Ta lai co:
\(\sqrt{\frac{yz}{1+x^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{z+x}\right)\)
Tuong tu:
\(\sqrt{\frac{zx}{1+y^2}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{1+z^2}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{z+x}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y}+\frac{y+z}{y+z}+\frac{z+x}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Vay \(P_{min}=\frac{3}{2}\)khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:
1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương, ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(a+c\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
Cần chứng minh : \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
hay \(8\left(a+b+c\right)^6\ge729abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Thật vậy, ta có : \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3=27abc\)
\(8\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\left(2\left(a+b+c\right)\right)^3=\left(a+b+b+c+a+c\right)^3\)
\(\ge\left(3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}\right)^3=27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Nhân từng vế 2 bất đẳng thức trên, ta được đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
Vậy ...
2. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số không âm, ta có :
\(B\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)\left(a^3+c^3+1\right)}}\)
Ta có : \(a^3+b^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}=3ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^3+b^3+1}\ge\sqrt{3ab}\)
Tương tự : ....
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)\left(c^3+a^3+1\right)}\ge\sqrt{27a^2b^2c^2}=\sqrt{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{27}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Vậy GTNN của B là \(3\sqrt{3}\)khi a = b = c = 1
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski ta có:
\(\left(a^3+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+b\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2;\left(b^3+a\right)\left(\frac{1}{b}+a\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{a^3+b}\le\frac{\frac{1}{a}+b}{a+b};\frac{a+b}{b^3+a}\le\frac{\frac{1}{b}+a}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\le\frac{\frac{1}{a}+b}{a+b}+\frac{\frac{1}{b}+a}{a+b}-\frac{1}{ab}=\frac{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b}{a+b}-\frac{1}{ab}\)
\(=\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)+a+b-\left(a+b\right)}{ab\left(a+b\right)}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại a=b=1