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Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\frac{\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}}{a+b}=\frac{\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}}{b+c}=\frac{\overline{ca}+\overline{ab}}{c+a}=\frac{\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}+\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}+\overline{ca}+\overline{ab}}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\frac{2\left(\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{10a+b+10b+c+10c+a}{a+b+c}=\frac{11a+11b+11c}{a+b+c}=\frac{11\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=11\)
Lại có : \(P=\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)=\frac{a+b}{b}.\frac{b+c}{c}.\frac{a+c}{a}\)
+) Nếu \(a+b+c=0\) :
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+b=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(b+c=-a\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+c=-b\)
Thay \(a+b=-c\)\(;\)\(b+c=-a\) và \(a+c=-b\) vào \(\frac{a+b}{b}.\frac{b+c}{c}.\frac{a+c}{a}\) ta được :
\(\frac{-c}{b}.\frac{-a}{c}.\frac{-b}{a}=\frac{-\left(abc\right)}{abc}=-1\)
+) Nếu \(a+b+c\ne0\) :
Do đó :
\(\frac{\overline{ab}+\overline{bc}}{a+b}=11\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(10a+11b+c=11a+11b\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(c=a\)\(\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{\overline{bc}+\overline{ca}}{b+c}=11\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(10b+11c+a=11b+11c\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(a=b\)\(\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{\overline{ca}+\overline{ab}}{c+a}=11\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(10c+11a+b=11c+11a\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(b=c\)\(\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) suy ra :
\(a=b=c\)
Suy ra :
\(P=\frac{a+b}{b}.\frac{b+c}{c}.\frac{a+c}{a}=\frac{b+b}{b}.\frac{c+c}{c}.\frac{a+a}{a}=\frac{2b}{b}.\frac{2c}{c}.\frac{2a}{a}=2.2.2=8\)
Vậy \(P=-1\) hoặc \(P=8\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
Áp dụng tỉ dãy số bằng nhau. Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+1+1}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}\Leftrightarrow1-1\Leftrightarrow0\)
\(\Rightarrow PT=\frac{a-c}{c-b}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)^0}{\left(c-b\right)^0}=0\)
Vậy dấu = xảy ra khi a - c = a , c - b = b
Ta có ĐPCM
Ps: Chả biết đúng hay không nữa
như này mới đúng nè
ta có\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}.2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b}{ab}+\frac{a}{ba}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+a}{ab}=\frac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(b+a\right)c=2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow cb+ca=ab+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow ca-ab=ab-cb\)
\(\Rightarrow b\left(a-c\right)=a\left(c-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a-c}{c-b}=\frac{a}{b}\)
Từ \(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b}{2ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab=c.\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ab=ac+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab-bc=ac-ab\)
\(\Rightarrow b.\left(a-c\right)=a.\left(c-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{a+b}{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b}{2ab}\Rightarrow2ab=\left(a+b\right).c\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ab=ac+bc\Rightarrow ab-bc=ac-ab\)
\(\Rightarrow b\left(a-c\right)=a\left(c-b\right)\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
Giải
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}\div\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}\times\frac{2}{1}=\frac{b}{ab}+\frac{a}{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{c}=\frac{b+a}{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ab=c\left(b+a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ab=bc+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac-ab=bc-ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(c-b\right)=b\left(c-a\right)\)
Từ đẳng thức trên , ta áp dụng tính chất của tỉ lệ thức :
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
ta có: \(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{c}\times2=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(=\frac{2}{c}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
\(=\frac{2}{c}=\frac{b+a}{ab}\)
= \(c\left(b+a\right)=ab\times2\)
= cb +ca = ab+ab
= ab - cb = ac-ab
\(=b\left(a-c\right)=a\left(c-b\right)\)
= \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}\)
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b}{2ab}\)
\(2ab=c\left(a+b\right)\)
\(ab+ab=ac+bc\)
\(ab-bc=ac-ab\)
\(b\left(a-c\right)=a\left(c-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{2}{c}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
=> \(\frac{2}{c}=\frac{a+b}{ab}\)
=> 2ab = ac + bc
=> ac + bc - 2ab = 0
=> (ac - ab) + (bc - ab) = 0
=> a(c - b) + b(c - a) = 0
=> a(c - b) = -b(c - a)
=> a(c - b) = b(a - c)
=> \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\) (đpcm)
Bài làm:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=0\) (1)
Mà \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\), cách CM như sau:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\) ; \(\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge\frac{2}{ca}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên lại ta sẽ được: \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\)
Thay vào (1) ta được:
\(0=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\ge3\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\le0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\)