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\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)cd=ab\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2cd-b^2cd=abc^2+abd^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2cd-abc^2-abd^2+b^2cd=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(ad-bc\right)-bd\left(ad-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ac-bd\right)\left(ad-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ac-bd=0\\ad-bc=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ac=bd\\ad=bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐPCM)
Ta có:
\(VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{c}{abc}+\dfrac{a}{abc}+\dfrac{b}{bca}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-2\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\left|\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right|\) (Đpcm)
Bài 1:
a: \(=\dfrac{1}{mn^2}\cdot\dfrac{n^2\cdot\left(-m\right)}{\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{m^2}{\left|2m-3\right|}=\dfrac{m^2}{3-2m}\)
c: \(=\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right):\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{\left(1-\sqrt{a}\right)}=\dfrac{-\left(a-1\right)}{\left(a-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{-1}{a-1}\)
Bài 2:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a+b}}>2\)
Trước hết ta chứng minh \(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}\). Ta lại có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b+c}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
Thiết lập các BĐT tương tự:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c+a}}\ge\dfrac{2b}{a+b+c};\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\ge2\)
Dấu "=" không xảy ra nên ta có ĐPCM
Lưu ý: lần sau đăng từng bài 1 thôi nhé !
1) Áp dụng liên tiếp bđt \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) với a;b là 2 số dương ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}}{4}\)\(\le\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}}{16}\)
TT: \(\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}}{16}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}}{16}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{16}.\left(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
2)+)Xét a,b khác dấu\(\Rightarrow bđt\)đúng
+)Xét a,b cùng dấu
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}+4\ge3\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+2\cdot\dfrac{a}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b^2}{a^2}+2\ge3\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^2+2\ge3\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^2-3\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-1\right)-2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-2\right)\ge0\)(luôn đúng vì \(\dfrac{a}{b};\dfrac{b}{a}>0\))
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=1\)
=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+c\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}\right)+b\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)+a\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=a+b+c\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+a+b+c=a+b+c\)
=>\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=0\)(đpcm)
Ta có: \(pt\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+a+b+c=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}+\dfrac{ac}{b+c}+\dfrac{bc}{c+a}+\dfrac{ba}{c+a}+\dfrac{ca}{a+b}+\dfrac{cb}{a+b}=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) đpcm
Từ cái sau suy ra cái trước thì còn dễ hơn, đề này tui mà chưa làm kiểu kia sao bk làm :)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\Rightarrow a^2-2bc=b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=a^2-a^2+2bc=2bc\)
Tương tự: \(b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca;c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)
Lại có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow-a=b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow-a^3=b^3+c^3+3bc\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3bc\left(b+c\right)=3abc\left(b+c=-a\right)\)
=> \(A=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)