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\(a\left(b+1\right)+b\left(a+1\right)=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+a+ab+b=ab+a+b+1\Leftrightarrow ab=1\left(dpcm\right)\)
1) Ta có a2 + b2 + c2 = ab + bc + ca
=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
=> 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ca = 0
=> (a2 - 2ab + b2) + (b2 - 2bc + c2) + (a2 - 2ac + c2) = 0
=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (a - c)2 = 0
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\a-c=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\a=c\end{cases}}\Rightarrow a=b=c\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = ab + bc + ca
<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc = 0
<=> (a-b)^2 + (b-c)^2 + (c-a)^2 = 0
<=> a-b = 0 và b-c=0 và c-a=0
<=> a=b=c
a^2/b+c + b^2/a+c + c^2=a+b
= a(a/b+c) + b(b/a+c) + c(c/a+b)
= a(a/b+c + 1 - 1) + b(b/a+c + 1 - 1) + c(c/a+b + 1 - 1)
= a(a+b+c/b+c) - a + b(a+b+c/a+c) - b + c(a+b+c/a+b) - c
= (a+b+c)(a/b+c + b/a+c + c/a+b) - (A+b+c)
mà a/b+c + b/a+c + c/a+b = 1
= a+b+c - (a+b+c)
= 0
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
=>\(\frac{bc}{abc}+\frac{ca}{abc}+\frac{ab}{abc}=0\)
=>\(\frac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}=0\)
=>\(bc+ca+ab=0\)
Ta có: (a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2bc+2ca+2ab
=>(a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2(bc+ca+ab)
Mà bc+ca+ab=0(c/m trên)
=>(a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2.0
=>(a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2(đpcm)
\(x-y=1\Rightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2=1\Rightarrow x^2+xy+y^2=19\Rightarrow x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=1.19=19\)
\(2,a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0ma:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4c^2a^2+4abc\left(a+b+c\right)=4a^2b^2+4c^2a^2+4b^2c^2\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\left(dpcm\right)\)
Áp dụng Cosi có:
\(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{1}{a}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a}{ab^2}}=\frac{2}{b}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{c}\left(2\right),\frac{c}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{a}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng (1),(2) và (3) có: \(VT+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Lời giải:
Muốn chứng minh \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{abc}\) ta chỉ cần chỉ ra \(ab+bc+ac=1\)
Thật vậy:
\((a+b+c)^2-(a^2+b^2+c^2)=2^2-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+bc+ac)-(a^2+b^2+c^2)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2(ab+bc+ac)=2\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac=1\)
Do đó ta có đpcm.