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Cho M=\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}\)với a;b;c >0
a)CM: M>1
b)CM: M ko là số nguyên
cm: \(1< M< 2\) sẽ thỏa mãn cả a và b
Ta có:
\(M>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)
vì \(a;b;c>0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b};\dfrac{b}{b+c};\dfrac{c}{c+a}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c}=2\)
hay: \(1< M< 2\)
b)\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}\) và \(\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=1+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)và \(1+\dfrac{b+c}{a}=1 +\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{c}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)và \(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}\)và \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}-\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=0\)
và \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}-\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=0\)
+) Vì a,b,c đôi một khác 0
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=0\)
\(\rightarrow a+b=\left(-c\right)\)
\(\rightarrow a+c=\left(-b\right)\)
\(\rightarrow b+c=\left(-a\right)\)
+) Ta có:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{b}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{b+c}{a}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{c+a}{c}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{a}\)
\(=\left(-1\right)\)
a) Ta có : 7y=4z
=> \(\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
Mà \(\dfrac{x+y}{t+z}=\dfrac{4}{7}\) nên \(\dfrac{x+y}{t+z}=\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{x+y}{t+z}=\dfrac{y}{z}=\dfrac{4}{7}=\dfrac{x+y-y}{t+z-z}=\dfrac{x}{t}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{x}{t}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+a+c+a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Do \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow b+c=2a\) (1)
\(\dfrac{b}{a+c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow a+c=2b\) (2)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow a+b=2c\) (3)
Thay (1); (2) và (3) vào \(P\) ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{2a}{a}+\dfrac{2b}{b}+\dfrac{2c}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2+2+2=6\)
Vậy \(P=6.\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(M>1\left(1\right)\)
M=\(\dfrac{a+b-b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c-c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a-a}{c+a}\)
= \(3-\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{c+a}\right)< 2\) \(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{c+a}>1\)
(Vì \(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{c+a}>1\)
\(\Rightarrow1< M< 2\)
Vậy M không có giá trị nguyên(đpcm)