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a)
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 3n_{Al} = 1,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m = \dfrac{1,2.36,5}{14,6\%} = 300(gam)$
b) $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)$
$M_xO_y + yH_2 \xrightarrow{t^o}xM + yH_2O$
Theo PTHH : $n_{oxit} = \dfrac{1}{y}.n_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,6}{y}(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \dfrac{0,6}{y}(Mx + 16y) = 34,8$
$\Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{y}.M = 42$
Với x = 3 ; y = 4 thì $M = 56(Fe)$
Vậy oxit là $Fe_3O_4$
Gọi a, b, c, d là mol mỗi chất trong 32g X
nH2=0,1mol��2=0,1���
Bảo toàn e: 2a+2b+3c+2d=0,1.2=0,22�+2�+3�+2�=0,1.2=0,2 (1)
nSO2=0,15mol���2=0,15���
Bảo toàn e: 3a+2b+3c+2d=0,15.2=0,33�+2�+3�+2�=0,15.2=0,3 (2)
Lấy (2) trừ (1) => a=0,1�=0,1
%Fe=0,1.56.10032=17,5%
Gọi a, b, c, d là mol mỗi chất trong 32g X
nH2=0,1mol��2=0,1���
Bảo toàn e: 2a+2b+3c+2d=0,1.2=0,22�+2�+3�+2�=0,1.2=0,2 (1)
nSO2=0,15mol���2=0,15���
Bảo toàn e: 3a+2b+3c+2d=0,15.2=0,33�+2�+3�+2�=0,15.2=0,3 (2)
Lấy (2) trừ (1) => a=0,1�=0,1
%Fe=0,1.56.10032=17,5%
a) \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=0,2.2=0,4mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6g\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2mol\)
Thể tích khí hidro sinh ra (ở đktc):
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.18,25}{100}=18,25\left(g\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,125 0,125 (mol )
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\
\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{8,125}{8,125+18,25}.100\%=30,8\%\)
Bài 18:
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100.18,25\%=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,125.2=0,25\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Có: m dd sau pư = 8,125 + 100 - 0,25 = 107,875 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125.136}{107,875}.100\%\approx15,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5}{107,875}.100\%\approx8,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) $2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
b) n Al = 8,1/27 = 0,3(mol)
Theo PTHH :
n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,45(mol)
V H2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)
c) n AlCl3 = n Al = 0,3(mol)
m AlCl3 = 0,3.133,5 = 40,05(gam)
d) n HCl = 3n Al = 0,9(mol)
m dd HCl = 0,9.36,5/7,3% = 450(gam)
Sau phản ứng :
m dd = 8,1 + 450 -0,45.2 = 457,2(gam)
C% AlCl3 = 40,05/457,2 .100% = 8,76%
a.b.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,3 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{125.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,5mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 < 0,5 ( mol )
0,2 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4g\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=\left(0,2.56\right)+125-0,2.2=135,8g\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{135,8}.100=18,7\%\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\:\right)\\
Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 0,3 0,2
=> \(m_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=125.14,6\%=18,25\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
Fe + 2HCl →FeCl2 +H2
\(C\%=\dfrac{11,2}{18,25}.100\%=61,3\%\)
\(1,PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\xrightarrow[]{}2NaOH+H_2\\2, n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\xrightarrow[]{}2NaOH+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ 3.n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
`a)PTHH:`
`2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2`
`0,2` `0,6` `0,3` `(mol)`
`n_[Al]=[5,4]/27=0,2(mol)`
`b)V_[H_2]=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)`
`c)m_[dd HCl]=[0,6.36,5]/10 . 100 =219(g)`
a) PTHH: 2K + 2H2O \(\rightarrow\) 2KOH + H2\(\uparrow\)
nK = \(\frac{7,8}{39}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: n\(H_2\) = \(\frac{1}{2}n_K\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\).0,2 = 0,1(mol)
=> V\(H_2\) = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
Vậy...
b) Theo PT: nKOH = nK = 0,2 (mol)
=> mKOH = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)
Vậy....
nK= 0.2 mol
2K + 2H2O --> 2KOH + H2
0.2__________0.2______0.1
VH2= 2.24l
mKOH= 11.2g