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PTHH: R + 2HCl ---> RCl2 + H2 (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100}{1000}.5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)
Vậy HCl dư.
Theo PT(1): \(n_R=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(M_R=\dfrac{4,8}{0,2}=24\left(g\right)\)
Vậy R là magie (Mg)
PT: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2 (2)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{MgCl_2}}=4,8+\dfrac{100}{1000}-0,2.2=4,5\left(lít\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{4,5}=\dfrac{2}{45}M\)
Gọi kim loại cần tìm là A
a) PTHH: \(A+H_2O\rightarrow AOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
\(AOH+HCl\rightarrow ACl+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_A=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{7,8}{0,2}=39\) \(\Rightarrow\) Kim loại cần tìm là Kali
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KCl}=0,2mol\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=0,2mol\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2\cdot20\%=0,04\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KCl}=0,2\cdot74,5=14,9\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,04\cdot36,5=1,46\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=2\cdot0,1=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_K+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=7,8+\dfrac{0,24\cdot36,5}{10\%}-0,2=95,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{14,9}{95,2}\cdot100\%\approx15,65\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1,46}{95,2}\cdot100\%\approx1,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CT:ACO_3\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4.4912}{22.4}=0.2005\left(mol\right)\)
\(ACO_3+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(0.2005.....0.401.....0.2005...0.2005\)
\(M_{ACO_3}=\dfrac{20.05}{0.2005}=100\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=100-60=40\)
\(A:Ca\left(Canxi\right)\)
\(m_{CaCl_2}=0.2005\cdot111=22.2555\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=20.05+100-0.2005\cdot44=111.228\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{22.2555}{111.228}\cdot100\%=20\%\)
PTHH A+2HCL\(\rightarrow\)ACL2 +H2
nH2=\(\frac{4,48}{22,4}\)=0,2(MOL)
Theo pt nA=nH2=0,2(MOL)
\(\rightarrow\) MA=\(\frac{4,8}{0,2}\) =24 \(\rightarrow\)MG
Theo pt nHCL=\(\frac{1}{2}\)NH2 = 0,1(mol) \(\rightarrow\) CMHCl =\(\frac{0,1}{4,48}\) =5/224
phần b đâu