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Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^3(b+c)}+\frac{a(b+c)}{4}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^3(b+c)}.\frac{a(b+c)}{4}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4a^2}}=\frac{1}{a}=\frac{abc}{a}=bc\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b^3(c+a)}+\frac{b(c+a)}{4}\geq \frac{1}{b}=ac\)
\(\frac{1}{c^3(a+b)}+\frac{c(a+b)}{4}\geq \frac{1}{c}=ab\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}+\frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\geq ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM: \(ab+bc+ac\geq 3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\ge \frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$
Lời giải:
Đặt vế trái là $A$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)(a+b+b+c+c+c)\geq (1+1+1+1+1+1)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\geq \frac{36}{a+2b+3c}\)
Hoàn toàn TT:
\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{3}{a}\geq \frac{36}{b+2c+3a}\)
\(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{a}+\frac{3}{b}\geq \frac{36}{c+2a+3b}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow 6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\geq 36A\)
\(\Rightarrow A\leq \frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Theo đkđb: \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
Do đó: \(A\leq \frac{1}{6}< \frac{3}{16}\) (đpcm)
Bài tương tự bài dưới đây:
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Đặng Việt Tuấn - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến
Ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{a}{9a^3+3b^2+c}+\frac{b}{9b^3+3c^2+a}+\frac{c}{9c^3+3a^2+b}\leq \frac{2}{3}+ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{2}{3}+2019(ab+bc+ac)\)
Mà \(ab+bc+ac\leq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{2021}{3}\) hay \(P_{\max}=\frac{2021}{3}\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow2a^4b+2b^4c+2c^4a+3ab^4+3bc^4+3ca^4\ge5a^2b^2c+5a^2bc^2+5ab^2c^2\)
Ta chứng minh được \(ab^4+bc^4+ca^4\ge a^2b^2c+a^2bc^2+ab^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=VP\)
Vậy ta cần chứng minh \(2a^4b+2b^4c+2c^4a+2ab^4+2bc^4+2ca^4\ge4a^2b^2c+4a^2bc^2+4ab^2c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum_{cyc}\left(2c^3+bc^2-b^2c+ac^2-a^2c+3ab^2+3a^2b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
12. Ta có \(ab\le\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
=> \(a^2-ab+3b^2+1\ge\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\)
Lại có \(\left(\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{2}+1\right)\ge\left(\frac{a}{2}+\frac{5}{2}b+1\right)^2\)
=> \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}\ge\frac{a}{4}+\frac{5b}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}}\le\frac{4}{a+b+b+b+b+b+1+1}\le\frac{4}{64}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+2\right)\)
Khi đó
\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(6\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+6\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Vậy \(MaxP=\frac{3}{2}\)khi a=b=c=1
13. Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\le1\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)( BĐT cosi)
=> \(1\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c+3}\)
=> \(a+b+c\ge6\)
Ta có \(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
=> \(\frac{a^3-b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự \(\frac{b^3-c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\),,\(\frac{c^3-a^2}{c^2+ac+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng 3 BT trên ta có
\(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ac+c^2}=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+bc+b^2}+\frac{a^3}{a^2+ac+c^2}\)
Khi đó \(2P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+...\)
=> \(2P=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}+....\)
Xét \(\frac{a^2-ab+b^2}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{3}\)
<=> \(3\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge a^2+ab+b^2\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)(luôn đúng )
=> \(2P\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+b+c+a+c\right)=\frac{2}{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)\ge4\)
=> \(P\ge2\)
Vậy \(MinP=2\)khi a=b=c=2
Lưu ý : Chỗ .... là tương tự
Đặt \(\left(a,b,c\right)\rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y},\dfrac{y}{z},\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\)
BĐT cần c/m tương đương với
\(\sum\dfrac{yz}{xy+xz+2yz}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{xy+xz}{xy+xz+2yz}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Ta có \(\sum\dfrac{xy+xz}{xy+xz+2yz}\ge\dfrac{\left(2\sum xy\right)^2}{\sum\left(xy+xz+2yz\right)\left(xy+xz\right)}=\dfrac{4\left(\sum xy\right)^2}{2\sum x^2y^2+6\sum x^2yz}\)
Như vậy ta cần c/m \(\dfrac{4\left(\sum xy\right)^2}{2\sum x^2y^2+6\sum x^2yz}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(\sum xy\right)^2\ge6\sum x^2y^2+18\sum x^2yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(\sum xy\right)^2\ge6\left(\sum xy\right)^2+6\sum x^2yz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sum xy\right)^2\ge3\sum x^2yz\) (luôn đúng)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{ab+a+2}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab+1}+\dfrac{1}{a+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{c}{1+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+1}\right)\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{a+1}{a+1}+\dfrac{b+1}{b+1}+\dfrac{c+1}{c+1}\right)=\dfrac{3}{4}\)