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Ta có\(\frac{m_{BaCl_2}}{100}.100\%=5,2\%\)
=> \(m_{BaCl_2}=5,2\left(g\right)\)
Lại có : \(\frac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{29,2}.100\%=20\%\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=5,84\left(g\right)\)
Phương trình hóa học phản ứng :
H2SO4 + BaCl2 ----> 2HCl + BaSO4
Tỉ lệ \(\frac{5,2}{1}< \frac{5,84}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 dư
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{5,2}{208}=0,025\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
=> \(n_{BaSO_4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
=> Khối lượng chất kết tủa là : \(m_{BaSO_4}=n.M=0,025.233=5,825\left(g\right)\)
a) 2AgNO3+CaCl2---->2AgCl+Ca(NO3)2
n AgNO3=1,7/170=0,01(mol)
n CaCl2=2,22/111=0,02(mol)
----> CaCl2 dư
Theo pthh
n AgCl=n AgNO3=0,01(mol)
m AgCl=0,01.143,5=14,35(g)
V dd sau pư=70+30=`100ml=0,1(l)
n CaCl2 dư=0,02-0,005=0,015(mol)
CM CaCl2=0,015/0,1=0,15(M)
Theo pthh
n Ca(NO3)2=1/2 n AgCl=0,005(mol)
CM Ca(NO3)2=0,005/0,1=0,05(M)
Bài 2
BaCl2+H2SO4--->BaSO4+2HCl
a) n BaCl2=400.5,2/100=20,8(g)
n BaCl2=20,8/208=0,1(mol)
m H2SO4=100.1,14.20/100=22,8(g)
n H2SO4=22,8/98=0,232(mol)
---->H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh
n BaSO4=n BaCl2=0,1(mol)
m BaSO4=0,1.233=23,3(g)
b) m dd sau pư=400+114-23,3
=490,7(g)
Theo pthh
n HCl=2n BaCl2=0,2(mol)
C%HCl=\(\frac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%=1,88\%\)
n H2SO4 dư=0,232-0,1=0,132(mol)
C% H2SO4=\(\frac{0,132.98}{490,7}.100\%=2,64\%\)
B1:
\(n_{AgNO3}=0,01\left(mol\right);n_{CaCl2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:\(2AgNO3+CaCl2\rightarrow2AgCl2\downarrow+Ca\left(NO3\right)2\)
Trước :0,01................0,02..........................................................(mol)
Pứng:\(0,01\rightarrow0,005\rightarrow0,01\rightarrow0,005\)
Dư: 0............................0,015......................................................(mol)
\(m\downarrow_{AgCL}=0,01.143,5=1,435\left(g\right)\)
Trong dd sau phản ứng chứa: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Ca\left(NO3\right)2:0,005\left(mol\right)\\CaCl2:0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C_{M_{Ca\left(NO3\right)2}}=\frac{0,005}{0,1}=0,05M\)
\(C_{M_{CaCl2}}=\frac{0,015}{0,1}=0,15M\)
Bài 2:\(n_{BaCl2}=\frac{400.5,2}{100.208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(D=\frac{m_{dd}}{v_{dd}};C\%=\frac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\Rightarrow m_{H2SO4}=\frac{D.v.d^2.C\%}{100}=22,8g\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4}=0,23\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaCl2+HSO4\rightarrow BaSO4\downarrow+2HCl\)
0,1..............0,1............0,1.................0,2.....(mol)
\(a,m_{\downarrow}=0,1.223=23,3\left(g\right)\)
\(b,m_{dd_{saupu}}=m_{BaCl2}+m_{dd_{H2SO4}}-m_{\downarrow}_{BaSO4}\)
\(=400+1,14.100-23,3=490,7\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\frac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}.100\%=1,48\%\)
\(\%H2SO4_{du}=\frac{\left(0,23-0,1\right).98}{490,7}.100=2,59\%\)
a, nCO2= 16,8:22,4=0,75(mol) ; nNAOH=0,6.2= 1,2
ta có tỉ lệ nOH:nCO2=1,2:0,75=1,6(mol) => sản phẩm tạo 2 muối
ta có phtt:co2 +2naoh ----> na2co3+h2o
co2 +naoh----->nahco3
gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của co2 ta có x+y=0,75
theo pthh ta có nNAOH=2x+y=1,2
=> x=0,45(mol) ; y=0,3(mol)
=> mMUỐI=mNA2CO3+mNAHCO3=0,45.106+0,3.84=72,9
\(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\)
1 1 1 2
0.05 0,1
0,05 0,05 0,05
Đổi 50 ml=0,05 l ; 100ml=0,1l
⇒ \(n_{BaCl_2}=C_M.V=1.0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒\(n_{H_2SO_4}=C_M.V=1.0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ:
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\frac{0,05}{1}=0,05< n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\)\(\rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4dư}\)
\(\rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}\) tính theo \(n_{BaCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=n.M=0,05.\left(137+32+16.4\right)=11,65\left(g\right)\)
Vậy a=11,65(g)
\(\text{Ta có FeSO4(a mol) MgSO4(b mol) K2SO4( c mol)}\)
\(\text{a+b+c=4b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{a-3b+c=0}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\text{152a+120b+174c=88,05}\\\text{127a+95b+149c=73,05}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\text{a=0,375}\\\text{b=0,15 }\\\text{ c=0,075}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{VBaCl2=0,6/2=0,3(l) }\)
\(\Rightarrow\text{mBaSO4=0,6x233=139,8(g)}\)
b, \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\text{mFeSO4=57(g)}\\\text{mMgSO4=18(g)}\\\text{mK2SO4=13,05(g)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c,\(n_{KOH}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:\text{FeCl2+2KOH}\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)2+2KCl\)
\(\text{4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O}\rightarrow4Fe\left(OH\right)3\)
\(\text{2Fe(OH)3}\rightarrow Fe2O3+3H2O\)
\(\text{MgCl2+2KOH}\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)2+KCl\)
\(\text{Mg(OH)2}\rightarrow MgO+H2O\)
=>FeCl2 dư
m=0,15x40+0,15x160=30(g)
Câu 4:
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.19,6}{98.100}=0,4mol\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{50.25}{208.100}\approx0,06mol\)
H2SO4+BaCl2\(\rightarrow\)BaSO4\(\downarrow\)+2HCl
-Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,06}{1}\rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,06mol\)
\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,06.233=13,98gam\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=2.0,06=0,12mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,06=0,34mol\)
\(m_{dd}=200+50-13,98=236,02gam\)
C%HCl=\(\dfrac{0,12.36,5}{236,02}.100\approx1,9\%\)
C%H2SO4=\(\dfrac{0,34.98}{236,02}.100\approx14,12\%\)
Câu 1:\(\%O=\dfrac{48}{2R+48}.100=47\rightarrow\)(2R+48).47=4800
\(\rightarrow\)94R+2256=4800\(\rightarrow\)94R=2544\(\rightarrow\)R=27(Al)
\(H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=20\%.29,4=5,88g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{5,88}{98}=0,06mol\)
\(m_{BaCl_2}=5,2\%.100=5,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\frac{5,2}{208}=0,025mol\)
Mà \(\frac{0,06}{1}>\frac{0,025}{1}\)
\(\rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}>n_{BaCl_2}\)
Vậy \(BaCl_2\) hết và \(H_2SO_4\) dư
\(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,025mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,025.233=5,825g\)