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Câu 1:
Vì lọc kết tủa, thêm dung dịch Ca(OH)2 vào nước lọc thu được thêm kết tuẩ nên ban đầu tạo ra 2 muối.
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+SO_2\rightarrow CaSO_3+H_2O\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2SO_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HSO_3\right)_2\)
\(Ca\left(HSO_3\right)_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow2CaSO_3+2H_2O\)
Ta có:
\(m_{CaSO3\left(1\right)}=\frac{6}{40+32+16.3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaSO3\left(2\right)}=\frac{3}{40+32+16.3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ca\left(HSO3\right)2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{CaSO3\left(2\right)}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{SO2}=n_{CaSO3\left(1\right)}+2n_{Ca\left(HSO3\right)2}=0,05+0,0125.2=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V=V_{SO2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)
Câu 2:
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaSO3}:a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(HCO3\right)2}:b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaSO_3+H_2O\)
a______a ___________a___________
\(2SO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(HSO_3\right)_2\)
2b_______b _____________b
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+2b=0,3\\217+299b=51,6\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{Ba\left(OH\right)2}=\frac{0,1+0,1}{0,2}=1M\)
Na2O +H2O\(\rightarrow\) 2NaOH
0,5________________1
nNa2O=\(\frac{31}{\text{23.2+16}}\)=0,5mol
500ml=0,5lit
CM NaOH=\(\frac{1}{0,5}\)=2M
2NaOH +H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)Na2SO4 +2H2O
1__________0,5____0,5
mH2SO4=n.M=0,5.(2+32+16.4)=49g
C%H2SO4=m/mdd. 100
\(\rightarrow\) 20=\(\frac{49}{mdd}\).100
\(\Leftrightarrow\)mddH2SO4=245g
Ta có mddH2SO4=Vdd. D
\(\Leftrightarrow\)245=Vdd.1,14
\(\Leftrightarrow\)VddH2SO4=215ml
215ml=0,215lit
CM Na2SO4=\(\frac{0,5}{0,215}\)=2,3M
a ,
Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH
0,05.......................0,1 (mol)
b ,nNa2O = 0,05 (mol)
A là bazo
CM (A) = 0,1/1=0,1 (M)
c, 2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,1............0,05 (mol)
m dung dịch H2SO4 = \(\frac{0,05.98}{9,6\%}\approx51,042\left(g\right)\)
V = \(\frac{51,042}{1,05}\approx48,61\left(ml\right)\)
\(2Fe+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)
\(SO2+Br_2+2H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4+2HBr\)
\(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaSO4}=\frac{8,155}{233}=0,035\left(mol\right)=n_{H2SO4}=n_{SO2}\)
Gọi số mol Fe là x; Cu là y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=1,84\\1,5x+y=0,035\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}0,01.56=0,56\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\frac{0,56}{1,84}=30,43\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=69,57\%\)
\(n_{H2SO4\left(pu\right)}=2n_{SO2}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4\left(tg\right)}=\frac{0,07}{25\%}=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H2SO4}=0,28.98=27,44\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H2SO4}=\frac{27,44}{50}=68,6\%\)
Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2 (1)
Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2 (2)
2KOH + ZnSO4 -> Zn(OH)2 + K2SO4 (3)
2KOH + FeSO4 -> Fe(OH)2 + K2SO4 (4)
Zn(OH)2 -> ZnO + H2O (5)
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 ->2 Fe2O3 + 4H2O (6)
CT: 2KOH + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + 2H2O (7)
nH2SO4=\(\dfrac{120.24,5\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
nH2=\(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
nKOH=0,2.3,5=0,7(mol)
Vì 0,3>0,25 nên H2SO4 dư 0,05(mol)
Đặt nZn=a
nFe=b
Ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=15,35\\a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>a=0,15;b=0,1
Vì 2.(0,15+0,1)<0,7 nên KOH dư 0,2 mol nên có 7
Theo PTHH 1,3,5 ta có:
nZn=nZnO=0,15(mol)
Theo PTHH 2,4,6 ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)nFe=nFe2O3=0,05(mol)
mrắn=0,15.81+0,05.160=20,15(g)
$n_{NaOH}=0,2.0,5=0,1mol \\PTHH : \\NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O \\NaOH+HNO_3\to NaNO_3+H_2O \\Gọi\ n_{HCl}=x;n_{HNO_3}=y(x,y>0) \\Ta\ có : \\n_{NaOH}=x+y=0,1mol \\m_{muối}=58,5x+85y=6,38g$
$\text{Ta có hpt :}$
$\left\{\begin{matrix} x+y=0,1 & \\ 58,5x+85y=6,38 & \end{matrix}\right.⇔\left\{\begin{matrix} x=0,08 & \\ y=0,02 & \end{matrix}\right. \\⇒C\%_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{63.0,02}{100}.100\%=1,26\% \\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.0,08}{400}.100\%=0,73\%$