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nZn = 0.02 mol
Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0.02__0.04____0.02____0.02
mZnCl2 = 0.02*136=2.72 g
VH2 = 0.02*22.4 = 0.448 (l)
nHCl = 0.04 mol
\(n_{Zn}=\frac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,02 0,04 0,02 0,02
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,02.136=2,72\left(g\right)\)
→\(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
➞\(n_{HCl}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH:
Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2
b.nH2=\(\frac{V}{22,4}\)=\(\frac{5,6}{22,4}\)=0,25 mol
Theo PTHH, ta có:
nZnCl2=nH2=0,25 mol
Khối lượng ZnCl2 thu được:
m=0,25.136=34(g)
c.Theo PTHH, ta có:
nHCl=2.nH2=2.0,25=0,5 mol
a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1 0,2 0,1
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c. \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3g\)
Bài 1
Fe+ H2SO4--->FeSO4 +h2
a) Ta có
n\(_{Fe}=\)\(\frac{2,24}{56}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
n\(_{H2SO4}=\frac{24,5}{98}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=>H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh
n\(_{H2}=n_{Fe}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
V\(_{H2}=0,04.22,4=0,896\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo pthh
n\(_{H2SO4}=n_{Fe}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)\
n\(_{H2SO4}dư=0,25-0,04=0,21\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{H2SO4}dư=0,21.98=20,58\left(g\right)\)
nFe= \(\frac{22,4}{56}\) =0,4(mol)
nH2SO4= \(\frac{24,5}{98}\) = 0,25(mol)
PTHH:
2Fe + 3H2SO4 -------> Fe2SO4 + H2 ↑
2mol__ 3mol_________1mol__1mol
0,4___0,25mol
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\frac{0,4}{2}\) > \(\frac{0,25}{3}\)
⇒ Fe dư, H2SO4 hết
a) Theo pt: nH2H2 = nH2SO4H2SO4 = 0,25 mol
⇒VH2=0,25⋅22,4=5,6(l)
b) Sắt thừa sau phản ứng:
Theo pt nFe(pư) = nH2SO4 = 0,25 mol
⇒mFe(pư) = 0 ,25⋅56 = 14(g)⇒mFe(pư) = 0,25⋅56 = 14(g)
mFe (dư) = 22,4 - 14 = 8,4 g
Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
nFe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 mol
=>nH2 = 0,1 mol
=> VH2= 0,1*22,4= 2,24 lít
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,1-->0,2------------------>0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{15\%}=\dfrac{146}{3}\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
Chất dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,4-0,2\right).36,5=7,3g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\)
=> H2SO4 d
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{H_2SO_4\left(d\right)}=\left(0,4-0,1\right).98=29,4g\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\)
a)\(Zn+2HCl-->ZnCl2+H2\)
\(n_{Zn}=\frac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ
\(n_{Zn}\left(\frac{0,3}{1}\right)>n_{HCl}\left(\frac{0,4}{2}\right)=>Zndư\)
\(n_{Zn}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}dư=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
c)\(Fe3O4+4H2-->3Fe+4H2O\)
\(n_{Fe}=\frac{3}{4}n_{H2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\frac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\frac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
TheoPT:..1..........2
TheoĐB:0,3........0,4
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow Zn\) dư, HCl phản ứng hết
\(TheoPT:n_{Zn\left(pứ\right)}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
b)\(TheoPT:n_{H_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(TheoPT:n_{ZnCl_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
c) \(4H_2+Fe_3O_4-^{t^o}\rightarrow3Fe+4H_2O\)
\(TheoPT:n_{Fe}=\frac{3}{4}n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)