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nZn=0,1 mol
nHCl=0,25 mol
Zn +2HCl=>ZnCl2+H2
Pứ 0,1 mol>=0,2 mol. =>0,1 mol
Dư 0,05 mol
VH2=2,24lit
HCl còn dư:0,05 mol
=>mHCl dư=1,825g
pt:2Fe+3H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)Fe2SO4+H2
a)nFe=\(\frac{m}{M}\)=\(\frac{22,4}{56}\) =0,4(mol)
nFe2(SO4)3=\(\frac{m}{M}\)=\(\frac{24,5}{340}\)=0,07(mol)
Theo pt ta có tỉ lệ :
\(\frac{0,4}{2}>\frac{0,07}{1}\)
=>nFe dư , nFe2(SO4)3
nên ta tính theo nFe2(SO4)3
=> nFe dư = nFe đề bài - nFe phản ứng
= 2-0,2=1,8(mol)
=>mFe = n x M = 1,8 x 56 = 100,8(g)
b) Theo pt: nH2 = nFe = 1,8 (mol)
VH2 = n x 22,4 = 1,8 x 22,4 = 40,32 (l)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư, Kẽm p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=22,4\cdot0,1=2,24\left(l\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot36,5=1,825\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,6}{2}\Rightarrow Zn.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Zn\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
`n_(Zn)=m/M=(26)/65=0,4(mol)`
`n_(HCl)=m/M=(21,9)/36,5=0,6(mol)`
`PTHH:Zn+2HCl->ZnCl_2 +H_2`
tỉ lệ: 1 ; 2 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,3<----0,6---->0,3----->0,3
\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\left(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,6}{2}\right)\)
`=>` `Zn` dư, `HCl` hết, tính theo `HCl`
`V_(H_2)=n*22,4=0,3*22,4=6,72(l)`
`n_(Zn(dư))=0,4-0,3=0,1(mol)`
`m_(Zn(dư))=n*M=0,1*65=6,5(g)`
Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl2 + H2
nZn = \(\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
nHCl = \(\dfrac{60.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,12mol\)
Lập tỉ lệ: nZn : nHCl = \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}:\dfrac{0,12}{2}=0,1:0,06\)
=> Zn dư
nZn dư = 0,1 - 0,06 = 0,04 mol
=> mZn dư = 0,04 . 65 = 2,6g
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{60\cdot7.3}{100\cdot36.5}=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(1...........2\)
\(0.1.........0.12\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.1}{1}>\dfrac{0.12}{2}\Rightarrow Zndư\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.12}{2}=0.06\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.06\cdot22.4=1.344\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.1-0.06\right)\cdot65=2.6\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{6,4}{160}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{3}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,12\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,12=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=0,08.2=0,16\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,08\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,08.56=4,48\left(g\right)\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{Mg}=0,15(mol);n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)$
$Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2$
Do đó sau phản ứng thì HCl dư 0,1(mol)
a)
\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
b)
\(n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol)\)
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1} = 0,2 > \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2} = 0,15\) nên Zn dư.
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,5n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\ dư} = 0,2 - 0,15 = 0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\ dư} = 0,05.65 = 3,25(gam)\)
c)
Ta có :
\(n_{H_2} = n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)\)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => Zn hết, HCl dư
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2--->0,4-------------->0,2
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,4=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)