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\(a)Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(b)n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3}{24}=0,125mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,125}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\Rightarrow Mg.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,05.24,79=1,2395l\\ c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5M\)
Đoạn xét tỉ lệ phải là \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) em nhé.
Câu 1
\(a)PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\
b)200ml=0,2l\\
n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\
n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,1mol\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\\
c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
a) \(PT:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaOH+H_2O\)
b) \(m_{HCl}=\frac{200.10,95\%}{100\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
c) \(n_{NaOH}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưNaOH\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,6-0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
d) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,5.\frac{1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
e) \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
f) \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\frac{0,25.111}{214}.100\%=12,97\%\)
\(C\%_{ddHCldư}=\frac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\%=1,71\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\frac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (1)
theo (1) \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
Cho 10,08 g nhom tac dung vua du voi dung dich axit HCl.2M
a) viet phuong trinh phan ung va tinh the tich H2(dktc)
b) tinh the tich dung dich axit HCl.2M da dung
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
0,05->0,1----->0,05---->0,05
`=> V_{ddHCl} = (0,1)/2 = 0,05 (l)`
b) `V_{H_2} = 0,05.22,4 = 1,12 (l)`
c) `C_{M(FeCl_2)} = (0,05)/(0,05) = 1M`
Câu 1:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.14,7}{98.100}=0,3mol\)
2Al+3H2SO4\(\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
-Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\rightarrow\)Al dư, H2SO4 hết
\(n_{Al\left(pu\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2mol\)
\(n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,2=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
\(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1mol\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1.342=34,2gam\)
\(m_{dd}=8,1+200-0,1.27-0,3.2=204,8gam\)
C%Al2(SO4)3=\(\dfrac{34,2}{204,8}.100\approx16,7\%\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.19,6}{98.100}=0,4mol\)
MgO+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)MgSO4+H2O
-Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\rightarrow\)H2SO4 dư
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{MgO}=0,1mol\)\(\rightarrow\)\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3mol\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8gam\)
\(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,1mol\)
\(m_{dd}=4+200=204gam\)
C%H2SO4(dư)=\(\dfrac{0,3.98}{204}.100\approx14,4\%\)
C%MgSO4=\(\dfrac{0,1.120}{204}.100\approx5,9\%\)
Pt: Ba+2H2O -> Ba(OH)2+H2 (1)
Ba(OH)2+CuSO4 ->Cu(OH)2 \(\downarrow\) +BaSO4 \(\downarrow\)(2)
Ba(OH)2+(NH4)2SO4 ->BaSO4 \(\downarrow\)+2NH3+2H2O (3)
Cu(OH)2\(\underrightarrow{t^0}\)CuO+H2O (4)
BaSO4 \(\underrightarrow{t^0}\) ko xảy ra phản ứng
Theo (1) ta có \(n_{H_2}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ba}=\frac{27,4}{137}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}=\frac{1,32\cdot500}{132\cdot100}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\frac{2\cdot500}{100\cdot160}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}>n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}+n_{CuSO4\:}\) nên Ba(OH)2 dư và 2 muối đều phản ứng hết
Theo (2) ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (3) ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
và \(n_{NH_3}=2n_{\left(NH_4\right)_2SO_4}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ba\left(OH_2\right)}\text{dư}=0,2-\left(0,05+0,0625\right)=0,0875\left(mol\right)\)
a)\(V_{A\left(ĐKTC\right)}=V_{H_2}+V_{NH_3}=\left(0,2+0,1\right)\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b)Theo (4) ta có: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{\text{chất rắn}}=m_{BaSO_4}+m_{CuO}=\left(0,0625+0,05\right)\cdot233+0,0625\cdot80=31,2125\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{400\cdot36.5\%}{36.5}=4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(2.............4............2..........2\)
\(V_{H_2}=2\cdot22.4=44.8\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{MgCl_2}=2\cdot95=190\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=2\cdot24+400-2\cdot2=444\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%MgCl_2=\dfrac{190}{444}\cdot100\%=42.79\%\)
a)
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
b)
n HCl = 400.36,5%/36,5 = 4(mol)
n H2 = 1/2 n HCl = 2(mol)
V H2 = 2.22,4 = 44,8(lít)
c)
n MgCl2 = n H2 = 2(mol)
m MgCl2 = 2.95 = 190(gam)
d) n Mg = n H2 = 2(mol)
Sau phản ứng :
mdd = m Mg + mdd HCl - m H2 = 2.24 + 400 -2.2 = 444(gam)
C% MgCl2 = 190/444 .100% = 42,79%
a. \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(n_{Fe}=\frac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
b. Theo phương trình \(n_{HCl}=n_{Fe}.2=0,2.2=0,4mol\)
\(\rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\frac{0,4}{2}=0,2l=200ml\)
c. Theo phương trình \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2mol\)
\(\rightarrow C_{M_{ddFeCl_2}}=\frac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
a; \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
số mol HCl là: \(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}\)
\(\Rightarrow n=C_M\cdot V=1\cdot0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
số mol Mg là: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{Mg}}{1}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)
b; thể tích khí thoát ra là:
V = 24,79 x n = 24,79 x 0,1 = 2,479 (L)
c; nồng độ \(MgCl_2\) thu được là:
\(C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{n_{MgCl_2}}{V_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Đề yêu cầu gì bạn nhỉ?