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Bài 1:
a) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{-3}{4}+\dfrac{7}{12}\right):\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{9}{24}+\dfrac{-18}{24}+\dfrac{14}{24}\right):\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{24}:\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{24}.\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{4}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{10}+\dfrac{8}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{5}\)
c) \(6\dfrac{5}{12}:2\dfrac{3}{4}+11\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{77}{12}:\dfrac{11}{4}+\dfrac{42}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{77}{12}.\dfrac{4}{11}+\dfrac{42}{4}.\left(\dfrac{5}{15}+\dfrac{3}{15}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{42}{4}.\dfrac{8}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{14.2}{1.3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{3}+\dfrac{28}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{35}{3}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{7}{8}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right).1\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}.\left(3,5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{7}{8}-\dfrac{6}{8}\right).\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}.12\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{8}.\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}.\dfrac{49}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{21}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10}{3}\)
e) \(\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+0,415-\dfrac{3}{200}\right).2\dfrac{2}{3}.0,25\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{83}{200}-\dfrac{3}{200}\right).\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{120}{200}+\dfrac{83}{200}-\dfrac{3}{200}\right).\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=1.\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
f) \(\dfrac{5}{16}:0,125-\left(2\dfrac{1}{4}-0,6\right).\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{16}:\dfrac{1}{8}-\left(\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{3}{5}\right).\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{16}.\dfrac{8}{1}-\left(\dfrac{45}{20}-\dfrac{12}{20}\right).\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{33}{20}.\dfrac{10}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
g) \(0,25:\left(10,3-9,8\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}:\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{2}{1}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)
h) \(1\dfrac{13}{15}.0,75-\left(\dfrac{11}{20}+20\%\right):\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{28}{15}.\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{11}{20}+\dfrac{1}{5}\right):\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}-\left(\dfrac{11}{20}+\dfrac{4}{20}\right):\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}-\dfrac{3}{4}:\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{5}-\dfrac{9}{28}\)
\(=\dfrac{196}{140}-\dfrac{45}{140}\)
\(=\dfrac{151}{140}\)
i) \(\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2-0,75}\right).\left(0,2-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)}{\dfrac{5}{9}-1\dfrac{1}{12}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{1,25}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)}{\dfrac{5}{9}-\dfrac{13}{12}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{1,25}.\dfrac{-1}{5}}{\dfrac{20}{36}-\dfrac{39}{36}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{-1}{6,25}}{\dfrac{-19}{36}}\)
k) \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{1}{14}}{-1-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{3}{28}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{2}{28}}{-\dfrac{3}{3}-\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{3}{28}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{28}\right)}{\left(-3\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{28}\right)}\)
\(=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(A=0,7.2\dfrac{2}{3}.20.0,375.\dfrac{5}{28}\)
\(A=\dfrac{7}{10}.\dfrac{8}{3}.20.\dfrac{3}{8}.\dfrac{5}{28}\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{7}{10}.\dfrac{5}{28}\right).\left(\dfrac{8}{3}.\dfrac{3}{8}\right).20\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{8}.1.20\)
\(A=\dfrac{20}{8}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(B=\left(9\dfrac{30303}{80808}+7\dfrac{303030}{484848}\right)+4,03\)
\(B=\left(9\dfrac{3}{8}+7\dfrac{5}{8}\right)+4,03\)
\(B=\left[\left(9+7\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{5}{8}\right)\right]+4,03\)
\(B=\left(16+1\right)+4,03\)
\(B=17+4,03\)
\(B=21,03\)
\(C=\left(9,75.21\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{39}{4}.18\dfrac{4}{7}\right).\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{39}{4}.\dfrac{150}{7}+\dfrac{39}{4}.\dfrac{130}{7}\right).\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=\dfrac{39}{4}.\left(\dfrac{150}{7}+\dfrac{130}{7}\right).\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=\dfrac{39}{4}.40.\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=390.\dfrac{15}{78}\)
\(C=75\)
a) \(2\dfrac{3}{4}.\left(-0,4\right)-1\dfrac{3}{5}.2,75+\left(-1,2\right):\dfrac{4}{11}\)
= \(2,75.\left(-0,4\right)-\left(1,6\right).\left(2,75\right)+\left(-1,2\right).\dfrac{11}{4}\)
= \(2,75.\left(-0,4\right)-\left(1,6\right).\left(2,75\right)+\left(-1,2\right).\left(2,75\right)\)
= \(2,75.\left\{\left(-0,4\right)-\left(1,6\right)+\left(-1,2\right)\right\}\)
= \(2,75.\left(-3,2\right)\)
= \(-8,8\)
b) \(1,4.\dfrac{15}{49}-\left(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right):2\dfrac{1}{5}\)
= \(\dfrac{7}{5}.\dfrac{15}{49}-\left(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right):\dfrac{11}{5}\)
= \(\dfrac{7}{5}.\dfrac{15}{49}-\dfrac{22}{15}.\dfrac{5}{11}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
= \(-\dfrac{5}{21}\)
c) \(\left(-3,2\right).\dfrac{15}{64}+\left(0,8-2\dfrac{4}{15}\right):3\dfrac{2}{3}\)
= \(-\dfrac{16}{5}.\dfrac{15}{64}+\left(\dfrac{4}{5}-2\dfrac{4}{15}\right):\dfrac{11}{3}\)
= \(-\dfrac{16}{5}.\dfrac{15}{64}+\left(-\dfrac{22}{15}\right).\dfrac{3}{11}\)
= \(\left(-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\)
= \(-\dfrac{23}{20}\)
d) \(0,02.\dfrac{-25}{2}+\dfrac{3}{8}+\left(-2\dfrac{9}{20}\right).\dfrac{2}{7}\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{50}.\dfrac{-25}{2}+\dfrac{3}{8}+\left(-\dfrac{49}{20}\right).\dfrac{2}{7}\)
=\(\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{8}+\left(-\dfrac{7}{10}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{8}+\left(-\dfrac{7}{10}=\right)\)
= \(-\dfrac{23}{40}\)
e) \(34\%:\dfrac{51}{16}-3\dfrac{7}{9}.6,5-\left(0,4\right)^2\)
= \(\dfrac{17}{50}.\dfrac{16}{51}-\dfrac{34}{9}.\dfrac{13}{2}-\dfrac{4}{25}\)
= \(\dfrac{8}{75}-\dfrac{221}{9}-\dfrac{4}{15}\)
= \(-\dfrac{5501}{225}\)
a: =>2/3x=1/10+1/2=1/10+5/10=6/10=3/5
=>x=3/5:2/3=3/5x3/2=9/10
b: \(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot2.8-50=34\)
=>2,8x=84
=>x=30
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{6}x=\dfrac{5}{12}\)
hay x=5/2
d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right|=\dfrac{17}{2}+\dfrac{7}{4}=\dfrac{41}{4}\)
=>2x-3/4=41/4 hoặc 2x-3/4=-41/4
=>2x=44/4=11 hoặc 2x=-19/2
=>x=11/2 hoặc x=-19/4
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot x=\dfrac{16}{5}\)
=>2/5x=8/5
=>x=4
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{24}-\dfrac{1}{25}+\dfrac{1}{25}-\dfrac{1}{26}+...+\dfrac{1}{39}-\dfrac{1}{40}\right)\cdot120+\dfrac{1}{3}x=-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}+2=-4\)
=>1/3x=-6
=>x=-18
c: =>2|x-1/3|=0,24-4/5=-0,56<0
Bài 1: Tìm x biết:
a) \(\dfrac{6}{5}-2\left|1-3x\right|=1\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(2\left|1-3x\right|=\dfrac{6}{5}-1\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(2\left|1-3x\right|=\dfrac{-7}{15}\)
\(\left|1-3x\right|=\dfrac{-7}{15}:2\)
\(\left|1-3x\right|=\dfrac{-7}{30}\)
\(\left|1-3x\right|\in N\) nhưng \(\dfrac{-7}{30}\notin N\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\varnothing\)
b) \(\left(2,8x+50\right):\dfrac{-3}{2}=51\)
\(\left(2,8x+50\right)=51.\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
\(2,8x+50=\dfrac{-153}{2}\)
\(2,8x=\dfrac{-153}{2}-50\)
\(2,8x=\dfrac{-253}{2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-253}{2}:2,8\)
\(x=\dfrac{-1265}{28}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x-2}{-2}=\dfrac{x+4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right).3=-2.\left(x+4\right)\)
\(x.3-2.3=\left(-2\right).x+\left(-2\right).4\)
\(3x-6=\left(-2\right)x+\left(-8\right)\)
\(3x-\left(-2\right)x=6+\left(-8\right)\)
\(5x=-2\)
\(x=\left(-2\right):5\)
\(x=\dfrac{-2}{5}\)
d) \(4\left(3-2x\right)-5\left(x-1\right)=12\)
\(4.3-4.2x-5x+5.1=12\)
\(12-8x-5x+5=12\)
\(12+\left(-8\right)x+\left(-5\right)x+5=12\)
\(12+\left(-13\right)x+5=12\)
\(\left(-13\right)x=12-12-5\)
\(\left(-13\right)x=-5\)
\(x=\left(-5\right):\left(-13\right)\)
\(x=\dfrac{5}{13}\)
Bài 2: Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
1. Tìm \(x\):
a) \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{5}{6}+\dfrac{-19}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
b) \(\dfrac{-5}{6}-x=\dfrac{7}{12}-\dfrac{1}{3}.x\)
\(\dfrac{-5}{6}-\dfrac{7}{12}=x-\dfrac{1}{3}.x\)
\(x-\dfrac{1}{3}.x=\dfrac{-17}{12}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}.x=\dfrac{-17}{12}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-17}{12}:\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(x=\dfrac{-17}{8}\)
c) \(2016^3.2016^x=2016^8\)
\(2016^x=2016^8:2016^3\)
\(2016^x=2016^{8-3}\)
\(2016^x=2016^5\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5\)
d) \(\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right):\dfrac{5}{2}=3\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right):\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
\(\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)=\dfrac{7}{2}.\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{35}{4}\)
\(x=\dfrac{35}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(x=\dfrac{32}{4}=8\)
e) \(\left(2,8.x-2^5\right):\dfrac{2}{3}=3^2\)
\(\left(2,8.x-2^5\right)=9.\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(2,8.x-2^5=6\)
\(2,8.x=6+32\)
\(2,8.x=38\)
\(x=38:2,8\)
\(x=\dfrac{95}{7}\)
f) \(\dfrac{4}{7}.x-\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{7}.x=\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{7}.x=\dfrac{16}{15}\)
\(x=\dfrac{16}{15}:\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(x=\dfrac{28}{15}\)
g) \(\left(\dfrac{3x}{7}+1\right):\left(-4\right)=\dfrac{-1}{28}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{3x}{7}+1\right)=\dfrac{-1}{28}.\left(-4\right)\)
\(\dfrac{3x}{7}+1=\dfrac{1}{7}\)
\(\dfrac{3x}{7}=\dfrac{1}{7}-1\)
\(\dfrac{3x}{7}=\dfrac{-6}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow3x=-6\)
\(x=\left(-6\right):3\)
\(x=-2\)
2. Thực hiện phép tính:
a) \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}:\dfrac{3}{4}+1\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+1\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}:\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{5}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}:\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{9}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{18}+\dfrac{9}{5}\)
\(=\dfrac{197}{90}\)
b) \(\dfrac{7.5^2-7^2}{7.24+21}\)
\(=\dfrac{7.25-7.7}{7.24+7.3}\)
\(=\dfrac{7.\left(25-7\right)}{7.\left(24+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{7.18}{7.27}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
c) \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(\dfrac{-4}{9}+\dfrac{5}{6}\right):\dfrac{7}{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{7}{18}:\dfrac{7}{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{7}{54}:\dfrac{7}{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
Bài 1
a)\(\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}\right).\dfrac{3}{11}-\left(\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2.\dfrac{3}{11}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{11}.\left[\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)-\left(\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{11}.\left[\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)-\dfrac{4}{3}.\dfrac{4}{3}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{11}.\left[\left(-2\right).\dfrac{4}{3}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{11}.\left(-\dfrac{8}{3}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{24}{33}\)
a: \(=\dfrac{32}{9}+\dfrac{13}{6}=\dfrac{32\cdot2+13\cdot3}{18}=\dfrac{64+39}{18}=\dfrac{103}{18}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{43}{8}-\dfrac{43}{6}=\dfrac{-43}{24}\)
c:\(=4-2-\dfrac{1}{6}=2-\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{11}{6}\)
d: \(=5+\dfrac{2}{3}+7+\dfrac{1}{2}-3-\dfrac{1}{2}+1+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(=10+\dfrac{4}{3}=\dfrac{34}{3}\)
a, \(\dfrac{-7}{9}.2\dfrac{3}{4}\)
= \(\dfrac{-7}{9}.\dfrac{11}{4}\)
= \(\dfrac{-77}{36}\)
b, \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{-2}{5}\)
= \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{-2}{15}\)
= \(\dfrac{10}{15}+\dfrac{-2}{15}\)
= \(\dfrac{-8}{15}\)
c , \(\dfrac{2}{3}-4\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{2}{3}-4.\dfrac{5}{4}\)
= \(\dfrac{2}{3}-5\)
= \(\dfrac{-13}{3}\)
d, \(\left(\dfrac{1}{-3}+\dfrac{5}{6}\right).11-7\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) . 11 - 7
= \(\dfrac{11}{2}-\dfrac{14}{2}\)
= \(\dfrac{-3}{2}\)
e, \(\dfrac{3}{4}.15\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}.43\dfrac{1}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}.\left(15\dfrac{1}{3}-43\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}.-28\)
= \(-21\)
\(c,2\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(\dfrac{5}{2}-30\%\right)+2\\ =\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(\dfrac{5}{2}-\dfrac{3}{10}\right)+2\\ =\dfrac{5}{2}.\left(\dfrac{5.5-3}{10}\right)+2\\ =\dfrac{5}{2}.\dfrac{11}{5}+2\\ =\dfrac{11}{2}+2\\ =\dfrac{11+2.2}{2}\\ =\dfrac{15}{2}\)
\(d,3\dfrac{1}{2}-0,4.\left(50\%-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{2}{5}.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{2}{5}.\left(\dfrac{-2}{2}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{2}{5}.\left(-1\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =\dfrac{7}{2}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =\dfrac{70}{20}+\dfrac{8}{20}+\dfrac{15}{20}\\ =\dfrac{93}{20}\)
qq