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Bài làm:
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=0\) (1)
Mà \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\), cách CM như sau:
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\) ; \(\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge\frac{2}{ca}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên lại ta sẽ được: \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\)
Thay vào (1) ta được:
\(0=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\ge3\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\le0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\)
Ta có; \(\frac{a+b+c}{c}=\frac{a+b}{c}+1;\frac{b+c-a}{a}=\frac{b+c}{a}-1;\frac{c+a-b}{b}=\frac{c+a}{b}-1\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{c}+1=\frac{b+c}{a}-1=\frac{c+a}{b}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b-2c}{c}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}-2=\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}\)
Ta có; a+b+cc =a+bc +1;b+c−aa =b+ca −1;c+a−bb =c+ab −1⇒a+bc +1=b+ca −1=c+ab −1
⇒a+b−2cc =b+ca =c+ab
⇒ac +bc −2=cb +ab =ba +ca
\(\frac{a+b}{c}=\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+a+c+b+c}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Nếu \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\frac{\left(-c\right)\left(-a\right)\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)
- Nếu \(a=b=c\Rightarrow M=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
Từ \(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b}{2ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab=c.\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ab=ac+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ab-bc=ac-ab\)
\(\Rightarrow b.\left(a-c\right)=a.\left(c-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)
Câu hỏi của nguyen hong thai - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath tham khảo
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