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a/\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{xy}{2y}=\dfrac{54}{2y}\)
\(\Rightarrow2y\cdot y=54\cdot3\Rightarrow2y^2=162\Rightarrow y^2=\dfrac{162}{2}=81\)
Mà y > 0 (gt) => \(y=\sqrt{81}=9\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{54}{9}=6\)
Vậy..............
b/ \(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{25}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{25-9}=\dfrac{4}{16}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot25=\dfrac{25}{4}\\y^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot9=\dfrac{9}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{4}}=\pm\dfrac{5}{2}\\y=\pm\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{4}}=\pm\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy.............
c/ x/2 = y/3 => x/10 = y/15
y/5 = z/7 => y/15 = z/21
=> x/10 = y/15 = z/21
Áp dụng t/c của dãy tỉ số = nhau là ra....
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\left(\frac{x}{y}; \frac{y}{z}; \frac{z}{x}\right)=(a,b,c)\Rightarrow abc=1\)
Khi đó:
\(A^2+B^2+C^2-ABC=(b+\frac{1}{b})^2+(c+\frac{1}{c})^2+(a+\frac{1}{a})^2-(a+\frac{1}{a})(b+\frac{1}{b})(c+\frac{1}{c})\)
\(=b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}+2+c^2+\frac{1}{c^2}+2+a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+2-(ab+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{ab})(c+\frac{1}{c})\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2})+6-[abc+\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)+\frac{1}{abc}]\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+6-[1+\left(\frac{abc}{c^2}+\frac{abc}{a^2}+\frac{abc}{b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{abc}+\frac{b^2}{abc}+\frac{c^2}{abc}\right)+1]\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+6-[1+(\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2})+(a^2+b^2+c^2)+1]\)
\(=4\)
Câu 2:
Ta có:
\(xy+yz+xz+2xyz=\frac{ab}{(b+c)(c+a)}+\frac{bc}{(c+a)(a+b)}+\frac{ac}{(b+c)(a+b)}+\frac{2abc}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(=\frac{ab(a+b)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}+\frac{bc(b+c)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}+\frac{ac(a+c)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}+\frac{2abc}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(=\frac{ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)+2abc}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(=\frac{ab(a+b+c)+bc(b+c+a)+ca(c+a)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(=\frac{(a+b+c)(ab+bc)+ac(a+c)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}=\frac{(c+a)b(a+b+c)+ac(a+c)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(=\frac{(a+c)[b(a+b+c)+ac]}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}=\frac{(a+c)[b(a+b)+c(a+b)]}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
\(=\frac{(a+c)(b+c)(a+b)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}=1\)
\(1.\) Giả sử : \(a\ge b\ge c\Rightarrow a+b\ge a+c\ge b+c\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{c}{a+b}\le\dfrac{c}{b+c};\dfrac{b}{a+c}\le\dfrac{b}{b+c};\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{b+c}\le\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{b+c}=1+\dfrac{a}{b+c}< 1+1=2\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(2.\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+x^2z+xy^2+y^2z+xyz+xyz+yz^2+xz^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)y\left(x+z\right)+xz\left(x+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+z\right)\left(xy+y^2+yz+xz\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\x=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Với : \(x=-y\) , ta có :
Đpcm \(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{y^{2011}}+\dfrac{1}{y^{2011}}+\dfrac{1}{z^{2011}}=\dfrac{1}{-y^{2011}+y^{2011}+z^{2011}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{z^{2011}}=\dfrac{1}{z^{2011}}\left(luôn-đúng\right)\)
Tương tự với 2 TH còn lại .
\(\RightarrowĐCPM\)
Bài 3:
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{2}{x^2+y^2}=2\left(\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)\) \(\geq 2.\frac{(1+1)^2}{2xy+x^2+y^2}=\frac{8}{(x+y)^2}=8\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{1}{2xy}+\left (\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\right)\geq \frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{(1+1)^2}{2xy+x^2+y^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{4}{(x+y)^2}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM:
\(xy\leq \frac{(x+y)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2xy}\geq 2\)
Do đó \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\geq 2+4=6\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1: Thiếu đề.
Bài 2: Sai đề, thử với \(x=\frac{1}{6}\)
Bài 4 a) Sai đề với \(x<0\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x^4-x+\frac{1}{2}=\left (x^4+\frac{1}{4}\right)-x+\frac{1}{4}\geq x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}=(x-\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^4=\frac{1}{4}\\ x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô lý)
Do đó dấu bằng không xảy ra , nên \(x^4-x+\frac{1}{2}>0\)
Bài 6: Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho $6$ số:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\geq 6\sqrt[6]{a^3b^3c^3d^3}=6\)
Do đó ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
5) a) Đặt b+c-a=x;a+c-b=y;a+b-c=z thì 2a=y+z;2b=x+z;2c=x+y
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{2b}{a+c-b}+\dfrac{2c}{a+b-c}=\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{x+y}{z}=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\ge6\)
Vậy ta suy ra đpcm
b) Ta có: a+b>c;b+c>a;a+c>b
Xét: \(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c+a}=\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{2}{a+b+a+b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
.Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}>\dfrac{1}{b+c};\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}>\dfrac{1}{a+c}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
6) Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+cd\ge2ab+2cd+ab+cd=3\left(ab+cd\right)\)
\(ab+cd=ab+\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge2\)
Suy ra đpcm
\(x^2-25=y\left(y+6\right)\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-6y-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)=16\)
Xét các trường hợp, ta tìm được các no nguyên của pt (1).
\(x^2+x+6=y^2\) (2)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+4x+24=4y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2y^2\right)=-23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1-2y\right)\left(2x+1+2y\right)=-23\)
Xét các trường hợp, ta tìm được các no nguyên của pt (2).
\(x^2+13y^2=100+6xy\) (3)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6xy+9y^2+4y^2=100\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(2y\right)^2=0^2+\left(\pm10\right)^2=\left(\pm6\right)^2+\left(\pm8\right)^2\)
Xét các trường hợp, ta tìm được các no nguyên của pt (3).
\(x^2-4x=169-5y^2\) (4)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+5y^2=173\)
Ta thấy:
\(5y^2\) luôn có chữ số tận cùng là 5 hoặc 0
=> Để thoả mãn pt (4), (x - 2)2 phải có chữ số tận cùng là 8 hoặc 3 (vô lý)
Vậy pt (4) vô n0.
\(x^2-x=6-y^2\) (5)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x=24-4y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(2y\right)^2=25=\left(\pm25\right)^2+0^2=\left(\pm3\right)^2+\left(\pm4\right)^2\)
Xét các trường hợp, ta tìm được các no nguyên của pt (5).
\(y^3=x^3+x^2+x+1\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(y^3=x^3+\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>x^3\)
\(\Rightarrow y>x\)
\(\Rightarrow y\ge x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow y^3\ge\left(x+1\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+x^2+x+1\ge x^3+3x^2+3x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x+1\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-1\le x\le0\) mà x là số nguyên
=> x = - 1 hoặc x = 0
(+) x = - 1
VT = 0
=> y = 0 ; x = - 1 (nhận)
(+) x = 0
VT = 1
=> y = 1 ; x = 0 (nhận)
Vậy pt (1) có nonguyên (x ; y) = (0 ; 1) ; (- 1 ; 0)
\(x^4+x^2+1=y^2\) (2)
(+)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow y^2=x^4+2x^2+1-x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-\left(x^2+1\right)^2=x^2\)
(+)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x^4+4x^2+4-3x^2-3=y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)^2-y^2=3\left(x^2+1\right)\)
Ta thấy:
Với mọi \(x\ne0\) thì \(\left(x^2+1\right)^2< y^2< \left(x^2+2\right)^2\) (vô lý)
=> x = 0
=> y = 1 (nhận)
Vậy pt (2) có nonguyên (x ; y) = (0 ; 1)
a, \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4+16}=\dfrac{2000}{20}=100\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=100.4=400\\y^2=100.16=1600\\z^2=100.25=2500\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm20\\y=\pm40\\z=\pm50\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\y=40\\z=50\end{matrix}\right.\) hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-20\\y=-40\\z=-50\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b, \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2y-4}{6}=\dfrac{3z-9}{12}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2y-4}{6}=\dfrac{3z-9}{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1-2y+4+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\dfrac{14-6}{8}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1.2=2\\y-2=1.3=3\\z-3=1.4=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=5\\z=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
c, \(x-z=-2\Rightarrow x+2=z\)
Do đó \(y.z=12\Leftrightarrow y.\left(x+2\right)=12\Rightarrow xy+2y=12\Rightarrow6+2y=12\)
\(\Rightarrow y=3\Rightarrow x.3=6\Rightarrow x=2\Rightarrow2-z=-2\Rightarrow z=4\)
Vậy x=2; y=3; z=4
a/ +) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}\)\(\left(1\right)\)
+) \(\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{20}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{9}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{20}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{18}=\dfrac{3y}{36}=\dfrac{z}{20}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{2x}{18}=\dfrac{3y}{36}=\dfrac{z}{20}=\dfrac{2x-3y+z}{18-36+20}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{9}=3\\\dfrac{y}{12}=3\\\dfrac{z}{20}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=27\\y=36\\z=60\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ..
b/ \(2x=3y=5z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{30}=\dfrac{3y}{30}=\dfrac{5z}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau tcos :
\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{6}=\dfrac{x+y-z}{15+10-6}=\dfrac{95}{19}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{15}=5\\\dfrac{y}{10}=5\\\dfrac{z}{6}=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=75\\y=50\\z=30\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..
c/ tương tự
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
Sửa đề :
\(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=0\)
Bài làm
đề có sai chỗ nào ko bn,mk thấy chỗ giả thiết sai sai thì phải,bn kt lại giúp mk
2:
a: Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2+3+4}=\dfrac{24}{9}=\dfrac{8}{3}\)
=>x=16/3; y=8; z=32/3
A=3x+2y-6z
=3*16/3+2*8-6*32/3
=16+16-64
=-32
b: Áp dụng tính chất của DTSBN, ta được:
\(\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{6}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{5-6+7}=\dfrac{6\sqrt{2}}{6}=\sqrt{2}\)
=>x=5căn 2; y=6căn 2; y=7căn 2
B=xy-yz
=y(x-z)
=6căn 2(5căn 2-7căn 2)
=-6căn 2*2căn 2
=-24
bài 1 a)áp dụng dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:\(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3+4+5}\)=\(\dfrac{24}{12}\)=2
a=2.3=6 ; b=2.4=8 ;c=2.5=10
M=ab+bc+ac=6.8+8.10+6.10=48+80+60=188
"nhưng bài còn lại làm tương tự"