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1/2 + 1/3 = 2/6 + 3/6 = 5/6
1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 = 5/6 + 1/4 = 20/24 + 6/24 = 13/12
1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 = 13/12 + 1/5 =65/60 + 12/60 = 77/60
ở dãy 1 thì số đứng sau bằng tổng hai số đứng trước
ta có 5 số tiếp theo la 40,74, 136,...
Ta có phần tử \(=\frac{1}{19}+\frac{2}{18}+\frac{3}{17}+...+\frac{18}{2}+\frac{19}{1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{19}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2}{18}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{18}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{19}{1}+1\right)-19\)
\(=\frac{20}{19}+\frac{20}{18}+...+\frac{20}{2}+\frac{20}{1}+\frac{20}{20}-20\)
\(=20.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{19}+\frac{1}{20}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Thay (1) vào P ta được :
\(P=\frac{20.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}}\)
\(=20\)
\(a,8\frac{3}{4}+4\frac{1}{5}-3\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\frac{35}{4}+\frac{21}{5}-\frac{15}{4}\)
\(=\frac{175+84-75}{20}\)
\(=\frac{184}{20}=\frac{46}{5}\)
\(b,3\frac{1}{2}\div\frac{1}{2}+3\frac{1}{2}\div\frac{1}{4}\)
\(=\frac{7}{2}\div\frac{1}{2}+\frac{7}{2}\div\frac{1}{4}\)
\(=\frac{7}{2}\div\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=\frac{7}{2}\div\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\frac{7}{2}\times\frac{4}{3}\)
\(=\frac{14}{3}\)
\(\frac{2}{3}.\frac{4}{5}+\frac{1}{3}.\frac{4}{5}=\frac{4}{5}\left(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\right)=\frac{4}{5}.\frac{3}{3}=\frac{4}{5}.1=\frac{4}{5}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}:\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{6}:\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}:\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}\right)=\frac{3}{4}:\frac{2}{3}=\frac{9}{8}\)
\(\frac{2}{3}.\frac{4}{5}-\frac{1}{3}.\frac{4}{5}=\frac{4}{5}\left(\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\right)=\frac{4}{5}.\frac{1}{3}=\frac{4}{15}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}:\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{6}:\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{4}:\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{6}\right)=\frac{3}{4}:\frac{1}{3}=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\frac{2}{3}.\frac{4}{5}+\frac{1}{3}.\frac{4}{5}=\left(\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{3}\right).\frac{4}{5}=1.\frac{4}{5}=\frac{4}{5}\)
\(\frac{1}{2}:\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{6}:\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{4}{3}+\frac{1}{6}.\frac{4}{3}=\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{6}\right).\frac{4}{3}=\frac{2}{3}.\frac{4}{3}=\frac{8}{9}\)
c,d tương tự