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1. biến đổi vế trái
= a2x2 + a2y2 + b2x2 + b2y2
= (ax -by)2 + (bx+ ay)2 - 2abxy + 2abxy
= (ax -by)2 + ( bx + ay)2 = vế phải( dpcm)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(c)\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=a^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+b^3+c^3-3abc-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ab-ac+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(d)\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=[\left(a+b\right)c]^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+ac+bc+c^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)[a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)]\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) Đặt \(A=\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=2.\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=\left(3^4-1\right)...\left(3^{16}+1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(...\)
\(2A=\left(3^{32}-1\right)\left(3^{32}+1\right)\)
\(2A=3^{64}-1\)
\(A=\frac{3^{64}-1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a: \(=\dfrac{5}{2}x-2x+\dfrac{7}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{7}{2}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{-1}{4}x^4-3x^2+\dfrac{9}{4}x\)
c: \(=\dfrac{1}{5}x+\dfrac{1}{15}xy+\dfrac{7}{10}x^2\)
d: \(=-9x^3-1-12y+27xy\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) VP = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 - 3a2b - 3ab2 = a3 + b3 ( đpcm )
b) VP = a3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 - b3 + 3a2b - 3ab2 = a3 - b3 ( đpcm )
Áp dụng
a3 - b3 = a3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 - b3 + 3a2b - 3ab2
= ( a - b )3 + 3ab( a - b )
Thế ab = 8 ; a - b = 12 ta được
( 12 )3 + 3.8.12 = 1728 + 288 = 2016
Được cái khai triển ...
a, \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(VP=a^3+3a^2b+3b^2a+b^3-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
Ta có : \(VP=a^3+b^3\left(đpcm\right)\)
b, \(a^3+b^3=\left(a-b\right)^3+3ab\left(a-b\right)\)
Cách khác : \(\left(a-b\right)^3+3ab\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)^3+3ab\left(a-b\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Ta có : \(a^3-b^3=\left(a-b\right)^3+3ab\left(a-b\right)\)
Thay ab = 8 và a - b = 12 :
\(12^3+3.8.12=2016\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a/ \(\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4y^4}{x^4+y^4}+\frac{8y^8}{x^8-y^8}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4y^4}{x^4+y^4}+\frac{8y^8}{\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4x^4y^4-4y^8+8y^8}{\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4x^4y^4+4y^8}{\left(x^4+y^4\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{2y^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{4y^4}{x^4-y^4}=4\)
.............................................................................
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y}{x-y}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5y=4x\)
b/ Ta có:
\(a-b=a^3+b^3>0\)
Ta lại có:
\(a^2+b^2< a^2+b^2+ab\)
Ta chứng minh
\(a^2+b^2+ab< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)< a-b=a^3+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-b^3< a^3+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^3>0\) (đúng)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
=a, a(b2+c2)+b(a2+c2)+c(a2+b2)+2abc
= ab2+ac2+ba2+bc2+ca2+cb2+2abc
= c2(a+b)+ab(a+b)+c(a2+b2+2ab)
= c2(a+b)+ab(a+b)+c(a+b)2
= (a+b)\(\left[c^2+ab+c\left(a+b\right)\right]\)
= (a+b)(c2+ab+ca+cb)
= (a+b)\(\left[c\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a+c\right)\right]\)
=(a+b)(a+c)(b+c)
b, a(b-c)3+b(c-a)3+c(a-b)3
= a(b-c)3-b\(\left[\left(b-c\right)+\left(a-b\right)\right]\)3+c(a-b)3
= a(b-c)3-b(b-c)3-3b(b-c)2(a-b)-3b(b-c)(a-b)2-b(a-b)3+c(a-b)3
= a(b-c)3-b(b-c)3-3b(b-c)(a-b)(b-c+a-b)-b(a-b)3+c(a-b)3
= a(b-c)3-b(b-c)3-3b(b-c)(a-b)(a-c)-b(a-b)3+c(a-b)3
= (b-c)3(a-b)-3b(b-c)(a-b)(a-c)-(a-b)3(b-c)
= (b-c)(a-b)\(\left[\left(b-c\right)^2-3b\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)^2\right]\)
=(b-c)(a-b)(b2-2bc+c2-3ab+3bc-a2+2ab-b2)
= (b-c)(a-b)(c2-a2+bc-ab)
= (b-c)(a-b)\(\left[\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)+b\left(c-a\right)\right]\)
= (b-c)(a-b)(c-a)(c+a+b)
c, a2b2(a-b)+b2c2(b-c)+c2a2(c-a)
= a2b2(a-b)-b2c2\(\left[\left(a-b\right)+\left(c-a\right)\right]\)+c2a2(c-a)
= a2b2(a-b)-b2c2(a-b)-b2c2(c-a)+c2a2(c-a)
= b2(a-b)(a2-c2)+c2(c-a)(a2-b2)
= b2(a-b)(a-c)(a+c)-c2(a-c)(a-b)(a+b)
= (a-c)(a-b)\(\left[b^2\left(a+c\right)-c^2\left(a+b\right)\right]\)
= (a-c)(a-b)(b2a+b2c-c2a-c2b)
= (a-c)(a-b)\(\left[a\left(b^2-c^2\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)\right]\)
= (a-c)(a-b)\(\left[a\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)\right]\)
= (a-c)(a-b)(b-c)\(\left[a\left(b+c\right)+bc\right]\)
= (a-c)(a-b)(b-c)(ab+ac+bc)
d, a4(b-c)+b4(c-a)+c4(a-b)
= a4(b-c)-b4[(b-c)+(a-b)]+c4(a-b)
= (b-c)(a4-b4)+(a-b)(c4-b4)
= (b-c)(a2-b2)(a2+b2)+(a-b)(c2-b2)(c2+b2)
= (b-c)(a-b)(a+b)(a^2+b^2)-(a-b)(b-c)(b+c)(b2+c2)
= (b-c)(a-b)(a3+ab2+ba2+b3-bc2-b3-cb2-c3)
= (b-c)(a-b)(a3+ab2+ba2-bc2-c3-cb2)
= (b-c)(a-b)(a3-c3)+b2(a-c)+b(a2-c2)
= (b-c)(a-b)(a-c)(a2+ac+c2)+b2(a-c)+b(a-c)(a+c)
= (b-c)(a-b)(a-c)(a2+ac+c2+b2+ab+ac)
= (a-b)(b-c)(c-a)(a2+b2+c2+ab+bc+ca)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức bunhia ta có :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
mà ta có dấu bằng xảy ra vậy ta có \(\frac{a^3}{a}=\frac{b^3}{b}=\frac{c^3}{c}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
thay lại ta có \(a=b=c=1\Rightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5=3\)