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a/ x3 + x2 z + y2 z - xyz + y3
= (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2) + z(x2 - xy + y2)
= (x2 - xy + y2)(x + y + z)
Nếu\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{cases}}\)
Thật vậy:\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\\ \Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Tương tự \(a=b=c\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3abc=3a^3\\a^3+b^3+c^3=3a^3\end{cases}\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc}\)
Áp dụng ta có:\(\orbr{\begin{cases}xy+yz+zx=0\\xy=yz=zx\Rightarrow x=y=z\end{cases}}\)
Khi x=y=z,ta có P=(1+1)(1+1)(1+1)=8
Khi xy+yz+zx=0,ta có:\(xy+yz=-zx\)
Tương tự:\(yz+zx=-xy\)
\(xy+zx=-yz\)
Ta có \(P=2+\frac{x+y}{z}+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}=2+\frac{xz+yz}{z^2}+\frac{xy+xz}{x^2}+\frac{zy+xy}{y^2}\)\(=2-\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)\(=2-\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=2-\frac{0}{xyz}=2\)
Vậy P=8 khi x=y=z
P=2 khi xy+yz+zx=0
\(P=x^3\left(z-y^2\right)+y^3\left(x-z^2\right)+z^3\left(y-x^2\right)+xyz\left(xyz-1\right)\)
\(P=-x^3\left(y^2-z\right)-y^3\left(z^2-x\right)-z^3\left(x^2-y\right)+xyz\left(xyz-1\right)\)
Thay x2 - y = a ; y2 - z = b ; z2 - x = c
\(P=-x^3b-y^3c-z^3a+xyz\left(xyz-1\right)\)
\(P=-x^3b-y^3c-z^3a+x^2y^2z^2-xyz\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-y=a\\y^2-z=b\\z^2-x=c\end{matrix}\right.\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(x^2-y\right)\left(y^2-z\right)\left(z^2-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=x^2y^2z^2-ay^2z^2+abz^2-bz^2x^2+bcx^2-zx^2y^2+cay^2-xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=x^2y^2z^2-az^2\left(y^2-b\right)-bx^2\left(z^2-c\right)-cy^2\left(x^2-a\right)-xyz\)
Thay (2) vào ta được:
\(abc=x^2y^2z^2-az^2.z-bx^2.x-cy^2.y-xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=-az^3-bx^3-cy^3+x^2y^2z^2-xyz\)
Mà \(P=-az^3-bx^3-cy^3+x^2y^2z^2-xyz\) ( Theo 1 )
\(\Rightarrow P=abc\)
Vậy P không phụ thuộc vào biến x
Bài 1:
a) \(3x^2-2x(5+1,5x)+10=3x^2-(10x+3x^2)+10\)
\(=10-10x=10(1-x)\)
b) \(7x(4y-x)+4y(y-7x)-2(2y^2-3,5x)\)
\(=28xy-7x^2+(4y^2-28xy)-(4y^2-7x)\)
\(=-7x^2+7x=7x(1-x)\)
c)
\(\left\{2x-3(x-1)-5[x-4(3-2x)+10]\right\}.(-2x)\)
\(\left\{2x-(3x-3)-5[x-(12-8x)+10]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-5[9x-2]\right\}(-2x)\)
\(=\left\{3-x-45x+10\right\}(-2x)=(13-46x)(-2x)=2x(46x-13)\)
Bài 2:
a) \(3(2x-1)-5(x-3)+6(3x-4)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (6x-3)-(5x-15)+(18x-24)=24\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 19x-12=24\Rightarrow 19x=36\Rightarrow x=\frac{36}{19}\)
b)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3(x^2-1)-5x(x+1)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2+3x^2-3-5x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -5x-3=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{5}\)
\(2x^2+3(x^2-1)=5x(x+1)\)
Bài 1 :
a ) \(2x\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+2\right)=2\left(x+1\right)^2\)
b ) \(y^2\left(x^2+y\right)-zx^2-zy=y^2\left(x^2+y\right)-z\left(x^2+y\right)=\left(x^2+y\right)\left(y^2-z\right)\)
c ) \(4x\left(x-2y\right)+8y\left(2y-x\right)=4x\left(x-2y\right)-8y\left(x-2y\right)=4\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
d ) \(3x\left(x+1\right)^2-5x^2\left(x+1\right)+7\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x^2+3x-5x^2+7\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-2x^2+7\right)\)
e ) \(x^2-6xy+9y^2=\left(x-3x\right)^2\)
Bài 1 :
f ) \(x^3+6x^2y+12xy^2+8y^3=\left(x+2y\right)^3\)
g ) \(x^3-64=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2+4x+16\right)\)
h ) \(125x^3+y^6=\left(5x+y^2\right)\left(25x^2-5xy^2+y^4\right)\)