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a) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{x+y}{2}\ge\sqrt{xy}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y\)
b) Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}.\frac{\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}}}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y\)
a)\(\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)=\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}-3x-40\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)-14=\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}-63-3x-9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)^2-196}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}=\frac{\left(x+18\right)^2\left(x+6\right)-3969}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}-3\left(x-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3+9x^2+24x-180}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}-\frac{x^3+42x^2+540x-2025}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}+3\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+12x+60\right)}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}-\frac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+45x+675\right)}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}+3\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{x^2+12x+60}{\sqrt{x+1}\left(x+4\right)+14}-\frac{x^2+45x+675}{\left(x+18\right)\sqrt{6+x}+63}+3\right)=0\)
Pt trong ngoặc to to kia vô nghiệm
Suy ra x=3
b)\(3\left(\sqrt{x+9}-\sqrt{x+1}\right)=4-4x\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+9}-\sqrt{x+1}=\frac{4-4x}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+10-2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+9\right)}=\frac{16x^2-32x+16}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+9\right)}=\frac{16x^2-32x+16}{9}-\left(2x+10\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x+1\right)\left(x+9\right)=\frac{256x^4-1600x^3+132x^2+7400x+5476}{81}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-64\left(x^2-5x-5\right)\left(4x^2-5x-8\right)}{81}=0\)
mỗi lần bình phương tự rút ra điều kiện mà khử nghiệm nhé :v
Nhân cả 2 vế với \(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+5}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+5}\right)\)ta được 25=5\(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+5}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+5}\right)\)
<=> \(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+5}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+5}\right)\)= 5 = \(\left(x-\sqrt{x^2+5}\right)\left(y-\sqrt{y^2+5}\right)\)
khai triển và rút gọn ta được \(x\sqrt{y^2+5}=-y\sqrt{x^2+5}\)
Nếu x=y=0 => M=0
xét x;y khác 0
\(\frac{\sqrt{x^2+5}}{\sqrt{y^2+5}}=\frac{-x}{y}\left(\frac{x}{y}< 0\right)\)<=>\(\frac{x^2+5}{y^2+5}=\frac{x^2}{y^2}=\frac{x^2+5-x^2}{y^2+5-y^2}=1=>\frac{x^2}{y^2}=1=>\frac{x}{y}=-1\left(\frac{x}{y}< 0\right).\)
hay x=-y => M= (-y)2017 +y2017 =0
vậy M=0
a) điều kiện xác định : \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)
\(P=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-7\sqrt{x}+6-2x-\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{-5x+7\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(2-5\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{2-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)b) để \(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow4-10\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11\sqrt{x}=1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{1}{11}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{121}\)
c) ta có : \(P-\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{6-15\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-6}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-17\sqrt{x}}{3\sqrt{x}+9}\le0\forall x\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow p< \dfrac{2}{3}\left(đpcm\right)\)
ĐKXĐ a>0 và a≠1
Rút gọn được A=2+2(a+1)/√a
A=7 → 2+2(a+1)/√a=7→2a-5√a+2=0, giải ra a=4 hoặc a=1/4.
Do a≠1 nên (√a-1)²>0 → a+1>2√a, do đó A>2+2.2√a/√a=6. Vậy A>6 với mọi a>0 và a≠1
Câu 1:
\(\sqrt{x-a}+\sqrt{y-b}+\sqrt{z-c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-a}+2\sqrt{y-b}+2\sqrt{z-c}=x+y+z\\ \Leftrightarrow x+y+z-2\sqrt{x-a}-2\sqrt{y-b}-2\sqrt{z-c}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x+y+z-2\sqrt{x-a}-2\sqrt{y-b}-2\sqrt{z-c}+3-a-b-c=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x-a\right)-2\sqrt{x-a}+1\right]+\left[\left(y-b\right)-2\sqrt{y-b}+1\right]+\left[\left(z-c\right)-2\sqrt{z-c}+1\right]=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-a}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-b}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-c}-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-a}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-b}-1=0\\\sqrt{z-c}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-a}=1\\\sqrt{y-b}=1\\\sqrt{z-c}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-a=1\\y-b=1\\z-c=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=a+1\\y=b+1\\z=c+1\end{matrix}\right.\)Vậy \(\left\{x;y;z\right\}=\left\{a+1;b+1;c+1\right\}\)
Câu 2:
\(\text{ a) Ta có }:\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}< \dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)}{n-n+1}=2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\text{Lại có: }\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}>\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{n+1-n}=2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\Rightarrow2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-n\right)< \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}< 2\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\right)\)
b) Áp dụng bất đảng thức ở câu a:
\(\Rightarrow S=1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}\\ >2\left(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}\right)+...+\left(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}\right)+\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)\\ =2\left(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100}+...+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)\\ =2\left(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{1}\right)>2\left(\sqrt{100}-1\right)=2\left(10-1\right)=18\left(3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{100}}< 2\left(\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}\right)+...+\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}\right)+\left(\sqrt{1}-\sqrt{0}\right)\\ =2\left(\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99}+...+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}\right)\\ =2\cdot\sqrt{100}=2\cdot10=20\left(4\right)\)
Từ \(\left(3\right)\) và \(\left(4\right)\Rightarrow18< S< 20\)
ĐKXĐ: x ≥ 0
Do -2 < 2
⇒ √x - 2 < √x + 2
⇒ (√x - 2)/(√x + 2) < 1
Vậy A < 1
\(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2-4}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}\left(dkxd:x\ge0\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\sqrt{x}+2>0\forall x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}>0\forall x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}< 0\forall x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}< 1\forall x\ge0\left(dpcm\right)\)