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Bài 2:
\(D=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{120\sqrt{121}+121\sqrt{120}}\)
Với mọi \(n\inℕ^∗\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{[\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}]^2-\left(n\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\left(\sqrt{n}+1\right)}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+1-n\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{120}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{121}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{121}}=\frac{10}{11}\)
Bài 1: chắc lại phải "liên hợp" gì đó rồi:V
\(\sqrt{2009}-\sqrt{2008}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2009}+\sqrt{2008}}\)
\(\sqrt{2007}-\sqrt{2006}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2007}+\sqrt{2006}}\)
Đó \(\sqrt{2009}+\sqrt{2008}>\sqrt{2007}+\sqrt{2006}\)
Nên \(\sqrt{2009}-\sqrt{2008}< \sqrt{2007}-\sqrt{2006}\)
Tổng quát ta có bài toán sau, với So sánh \(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1}\text{ và }\sqrt{n-2}-\sqrt{n-3}\)
Với \(n\ge3\). Lời giải xin mời các bạn:)
a) \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}}}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}\right)\cdot3}}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}}}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}\)
b) \(\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}=...\)
c) \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}=...\)
d) \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{13+4\sqrt{3}}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{\left(1+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+1+2\sqrt{3}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3}-1}\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(6+2\sqrt{12}+2\right)}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(6+4\sqrt{3}+2\right)}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(8+4\sqrt{3}\right)}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot4\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(4-3\right)\cdot4}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{1\cdot4}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2}\)
\(=1\)
a) \(\frac{3+2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{1+\sqrt{2}}-2+\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}.\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{2}.\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{1+\sqrt{2}}-2+\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}+2+\sqrt{2}-2+\sqrt{3}\)
\(=2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\)
b) \(\frac{-3}{2}.\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{\left(-4\right)^2.\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{-3}{2}.\sqrt{5-4\sqrt{5}+4}+\sqrt{4^2.\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{-3}{2}.\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{4^2}.\sqrt{\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{-3}{2}.\left|\sqrt{5}-2\right|+4.\left|1+\sqrt{5}\right|\)
\(=\frac{-3}{2}.\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)+4\left(1+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{5}}{2}+3+4+4\sqrt{5}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{5}}{2}+4\sqrt{5}+7\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{5}}{2}+\frac{8\sqrt{5}}{2}+\frac{14}{2}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{5}+8\sqrt{5}+14}{2}=\frac{14+5\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
a) \(\frac{10+2\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{8}{1-\sqrt{5}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(10+2\sqrt{10}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}+\frac{8\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(10+2\sqrt{10}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)+8\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}\)
= \(\frac{10-2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{10}-2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}-5-\sqrt{10}}\)
= \(\frac{2\left(5-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}-5-\sqrt{10}}\)
= -2
b); c); d) làm tương tự
a) \(\sqrt{36}.\sqrt{121}+\sqrt[3]{-64}-\sqrt[3]{125}\)
\(=6.11+\left(-4\right)-5=66-9=57\)
b) \(\sqrt{75}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)^2}-30\sqrt{\frac{3}{25}}\)
\(=\sqrt{25.3}+\left|\sqrt{3}-2\right|-30.\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{25}}\)
\(=5\sqrt{3}+2-\sqrt{3}-30.\frac{\sqrt{3}}{5}\)
\(=5\sqrt{3}+2-\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{3}=2-2\sqrt{3}\)
c) \(\sqrt{11-4\sqrt{7}}-\frac{12}{1+\sqrt{7}}=\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{7}+4}-\frac{12}{1+\sqrt{7}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-2\right)^2}-\frac{12}{1+\sqrt{7}}=\left|\sqrt{7}-2\right|-\frac{12}{1+\sqrt{7}}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{7}-2\right)-\frac{12}{\sqrt{7}+1}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{7}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)}{\sqrt{7}+1}-\frac{12}{\sqrt{7}+1}\)
\(=\frac{5-\sqrt{7}}{\sqrt{7}+1}-\frac{12}{\sqrt{7}+1}=\frac{-7-\sqrt{7}}{\sqrt{7}+1}\)
\(=\frac{-\sqrt{7}\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)}{\sqrt{7}+1}=-\sqrt{7}\)