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a) = \(4x^4+4x^2+1\)
= \(\left(2x^2+1\right)^2\)
b) = \(4x^4+36x^2+81-36x^2\)
= \(\left(2x^2+9\right)^2\)
c) = \(64x^4+16x^2y^2+y^4-16x^2y^2\)
= \(\left(8x^2+y^2\right)^2\)
d) = \(x^8+4x^4+4-4x^4\)
= \(\left(x^4+2\right)^2\)
e) = \(\left(x^4+2x^2+1\right)-x^2\)
= \(\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2\)
= \(\left(x^2+1-x\right).\left(x^2+1+x\right)\)
f) = \(\left(x^7-x\right)+\left(x^5-x^2\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
= \(x.\left(x^3-1\right).\left(x^3+1\right)+x^2.\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right).\left(x-1\right).\left(x^4+x\right)+x^2.\left(x-1\right).\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^2+x+1\right).\left(x^5-x^4+x^3-1+1\right)\)
c/=64x^4+16x^2y^2+y^4-16x^2y^2
=(8x^2+y^2)^2-(4xy)^2
=(8x^2+y^2+4xy)(8x^2+y^2-4xy)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(2,3x-2\left(0,7+2x\right)=3,6-1,7x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2,3x-1,4-4x-3,6+1,7x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-5=0\)(vl)
Vậy: \(x\in\varnothing\)
b) Ta có: \(\frac{4}{3}x-\frac{5}{6}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{3}x=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{5}{6}=\frac{8}{6}=\frac{4}{3}\)
hay x=1
Vậy: x=1
c) Ta có: \(\frac{x}{10}-\left(\frac{x}{30}+\frac{2x}{45}\right)=\frac{4}{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9x}{90}-\frac{3x}{90}-\frac{4x}{90}-\frac{72}{90}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-72=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-36\right)=0\)
mà 2>0
nên x-36=0
hay x=36
Vậy: x=36
d) Ta có: \(\frac{10x+3}{8}=\frac{7-8x}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12\left(10x+3\right)=8\left(7-8x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow120x+36=56-64x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow120x+36-56+64x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow184x-20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow184x=20\)
hay \(x=\frac{5}{46}\)
Vậy: \(x=\frac{5}{46}\)
e) Ta có: \(\frac{10x-5}{18}+\frac{x+3}{12}=\frac{7x+3}{6}-\frac{12-x}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(10x-5\right)}{36}+\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{36}-\frac{6\left(7x+3\right)}{36}+\frac{4\left(12-x\right)}{36}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(10x-5\right)+3\left(x+3\right)-6\left(7x+3\right)+4\left(12-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20x-10+3x+9-42x-18+48-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-23x+29=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-23x=-29\)
hay \(x=\frac{29}{23}\)
Vậy: \(x=\frac{29}{23}\)
f) Ta có: \(\frac{x+4}{5}-x-5=\frac{x+3}{2}-\frac{x-2}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(x+4\right)}{10}-\frac{10x}{10}-\frac{50}{10}=\frac{25}{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+8-10x-50-25=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x-67=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=67\)
hay \(x=\frac{-67}{8}\)
Vậy: \(x=\frac{-67}{8}\)
g) Ta có: \(\frac{2-x}{4}=\frac{2\left(x+1\right)}{5}-\frac{3\left(2x-5\right)}{10}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(2-x\right)-8\left(x+1\right)+6\left(2x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10-5x-8x-8+12x-30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x-28=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x=28\)
hay x=-28
Vậy: x=-28
h) Ta có: \(\frac{x+2}{3}+\frac{3\left(2x-1\right)}{4}-\frac{5x-3}{6}=x+\frac{5}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\left(x+2\right)}{12}+\frac{9\left(2x-1\right)}{12}-\frac{2\left(5x-3\right)}{12}-\frac{12x}{12}-\frac{5}{12}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+8+18x-9-10x+6-12x-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0x=0\)
Vậy: \(x\in R\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(5\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=3\left(x+8\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left[5\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(x+8\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(10x-5-3x-24\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(7x-29\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\7x-29=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\7x=29\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\frac{29}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{1;\frac{29}{7}\right\}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+5\right)=0\)(1)
Ta có: \(x^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+5\ge5\ne0\forall x\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=0\\x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=2\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{2}{3}\\x=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{2}{3};-6\right\}\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(9x^2+6x+4\right)-\left(3x-1\right)\left(9x^2-3x+1\right)=x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27x^3-8-\left(27x^3-1\right)-x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27x^3-8-27x^3+1-x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x=3\)
hay x=-3
Vậy: Tập nghiệm S={-3}
d) Ta có: \(x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+4\right)=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-\left(x^2+x-12\right)-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-x^2-x+12-5x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12-7x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x=12\)
hay \(x=\frac{12}{7}\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{12}{7}\right\}\)
e) Ta có: (2x+1)(2x-1)=4x(x-7)-3x
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-1-4x^2+28x+3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow31x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow31x=1\)
hay \(x=\frac{1}{31}\)
Vậy: Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{1}{31}\right\}\)
a) \(\frac{x+5}{4}\)-\(\frac{2x-5}{3}\)=\(\frac{6x-1}{3}\)+\(\frac{2x-3}{12}\)
⇔\(\frac{3\left(x+5\right)}{12}\)-\(\frac{4\left(2x-5\right)}{12}\)=\(\frac{4\left(6x-1\right)}{12}\)+\(\frac{2x-3}{12}\)
⇒ 3x+15-8x+20=24x-4+2x-3
⇔3x+15-8x+20-24x+4-2x+3=0
⇔-31x+42=0
⇔x=\(\frac{42}{31}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình đã cho là:S={\(\frac{42}{31}\)}
\\(x^3+x^2-x+2\\)
=x3+2x2-x2-2x+x+2
=(x3+2x2)-(x2+2x)+(x+2)
=x2(x+2)-x(x+2)+(x+2)
=(x+2)(x2-x+1)
b. \\(x^3-6x^2-x+30\\)
=x3+2x2-8x2-16x+15x+30
=(x3+2x2)-(8x2+16x)+(15x+30x)
=x2(x+2)-8x(x+2)+15(x+2)
=(x+2)(x2-8x+15)
=(x+2)(x2-5x-3x+15)
=(x+2)[(x2-5x)-(3x-15)]
=(x+2)[x(x-5)-3(x-5)]
=(x+2)(x-5)(x-3)
h)\(a^6+a^4+a^2b^2+b^4-b^6\)
\(=\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)+\left(a^6-b^6\right)\)
\(=\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)+\left[\left(a^2\right)^3-\left(b^2\right)^3\right]\)
\(=\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)+\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\)
\(=\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\left(1+a^2-b^2\right)\)
a)\(x^2+7x+6\)
\(=x^2+6x+x+6\)
\(=x\left(x+6\right)+\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
b)\(x^4+2016x^2+2015x+2016\)
\(=x^4+2016x^2+\left(2016x-x\right)+2016\)
\(=\left(x^4-x\right)+\left(2016x^2+2016x+2016\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+2016\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2016\right)\)
Bài 3:
Từ \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\) (1)
Ta thấy:\(\begin{cases}\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}\left(a-1\right)^2=0\\\left(b-1\right)^2=0\\\left(c-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\)
\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a-1=0\\b-1=0\\c-1=0\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}a=1\\b=1\\c=1\end{cases}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\Rightarrow H=1\cdot1\cdot1+1^{2014}+1^{2015}+1^{2016}=1+1+1+1=4\)
a) Đề ( \(x\ne\pm1\))
>\(\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{4}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1-x+1\right)\left(x+1+x-1\right)=4\\ \Leftrightarrow2.2x=4\Leftrightarrow x=1\left(kothỏa\right)\)
Vậy \(S=\varnothing\)
b) đề \(\left(x\ne-\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\frac{32x^2}{12\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)}=\frac{-8x\left(1+2x\right)}{12\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)}-\frac{3\left(1+8x\right)\left(1-2x\right)}{12\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)}\\ \Leftrightarrow32x^2=-8x-16x^2-3-12x+48x^2\\ \Leftrightarrow20x+3=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{20}{3}\left(thỏadk\right)\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\frac{20}{3}\right\}\)
b: \(x^4+x^2+1\)
\(=x^4+2x^2+1-x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2-x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
c: \(x^7+x^5+1\)
\(=x^7+x^6+x^5-x^6-x^5-x^4+x^5+x^4+x^3-x^3+1\)
\(=x^5\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^4\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^3-x+1\right)\)