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Học tốt nha bn ! ( dòng * ko cần ghi vào đâu bn đây là nháp giở của mik )
Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+2x-2y+y^2+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(4x-2y\right)+1+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)==0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(2x-y\right)^2+2\left(2x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4y^2+1-4xy+2x-4y\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)-19=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2=19\)
Do 19 không thể phân tích thành tổng của 2 số chính phương nên pt vô nghiệm
b/
\(\left(4x^2+4y^2+8xy\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\)
Do x; y nguyên dương nên \(\left(2x+2y\right)^2>0\Rightarrow VT>0\)
Pt vô nghiệm
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y+25\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left|x+y+z\right|=0\)
Do x;y;z nguyên dương nên \(\left|x+y+z\right|>0\Rightarrow VT>0\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
d/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)+\left(x^2+10x+25\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x+5\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\)
Do x;y;z nguyên dương nên vế phái luôn dương
Pt vô nghiệm
\(5x^2+2y^2-4xy-2x-4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(2x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\in R \\ \left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\\ \left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\in R\)
Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(2x-y\right)^2=0\\ \left(x-1\right)^2=0\\ \left(y-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=0\\x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\\2.1-2=0\left(thoảmãn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy cặp số (x;y) cần tìm là (1:2)
\(\frac{x^2+3xy+2y^2}{5x^2+4xy-y^2}-\frac{x^2-5xy+4y^2}{-2x^2+4xy-2y^2}\)
\(=\frac{x+2y}{5x-y}-\left[-\frac{x-4y}{2\left(x-y\right)}\right]\)
\(=\frac{x+2y}{5x-y}+\frac{x-4y}{2\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2y\right).2\left(x-y\right)}{\left(5x-y\right).2\left(x-y\right)}+\frac{\left(x-4y\right).\left(5x-y\right)}{2\left(x-y\right).\left(5x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2y\right).2\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-4y\right).\left(5x-y\right)}{2\left(x-y\right).\left(5x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{7x^2-19xy}{2\left(x-y\right).\left(5x-y\right)}\)
a) x2+y2-4x+4y+8=0
⇔ (x-2)2+(y+2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)5x2-4xy+y2=0
⇔ x2+(2x-y)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)x2+2y2+z2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0
⇔ (x-y)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\dfrac{4}{5}xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}y+\dfrac{4}{25}y^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
B= \(4x^2+4xy+y^2+x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+15\)
= \(\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+15\ge15\)
=> GTNN của B là 15
\(1,=\left(x-2\right)\left(5-y\right)\\ 2,=2\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(2x-2y-z\right)\\ 3,=5xy\left(x-2y\right)\\ 4,=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2\right)=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2\right]\\ =3\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\\ 5,=\left(x+2y\right)^2-16=\left(x+2y-4\right)\left(x+2y+4\right)\\ 6,=-\left(6x^2-3x-4x+2\right)=-\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-2\right)\\ 7,=\left(2x+y\right)\left(2x+y+x\right)=\left(2x+y\right)\left(3x+y\right)\\ 8,=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5\right)\\ 9,=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\\ 10,=\left(x^2-9\right)x=x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\\ 11,=\left(x-2\right)\left(y+1\right)\\ 12,=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\\ 13,=3\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(3-x-y\right)\)
\(5x^2+6x-4xy-2y+2+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+x^2+2x+4x-4xy-2y+1+1+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-4xy+y^2\right)+\left(4x-2y\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y\right)^2+2\left(2x-y\right)+1+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x+1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y+1=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2.\left(-1\right)-y+1=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2-y+1=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-1-y=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=-1\) và \(y=-1\)
\(5x^2+y^2-2x-2y+2+4xy=0=>\left(2x+y\right)^2-2\left(2x+y\right)+1+x^2+2x+1=0\)
\(=>\left(2x+y-1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(=>\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+y-1=0\\x+1=0\end{cases}=>\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1-y}{2}\\x=-1\end{cases}}}\)