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a) CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
b) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
_0,1---->0,2------->0,1----->0,1
=> mCaCl2 = 0,1.111 = 11,1 (g)
=> VCO2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) \(a=C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5M\)
d) \(C_{M\left(CaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25M\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 0,2..............0,4.............0,2...............0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,2=19\left(g\right)\\ c,a=C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)
a)
$M + 2HCl \to MCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{HCl} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_M = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow M = \dfrac{3,6}{0,15} = 24(Mg)$
b)
$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{MgCl_2} = 0,15.95 = 14,25(gam)$
c) $n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,15(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
nH2 = 0,15mol => nAl=0,1mol => mAl=2,7g; mAl2O3 = 10,2g => nAl2O3 = 0,1mol
=>%mAl=20,93% =>%mAl2O3 = 79,07%
b) nHCl = 0,1.3+0,1.6=0,9 mol=>mHCl(dd)=100g
mddY=12,9+100-0,15.2=112,6g
mAlCl3=22,5g=>C%=19,98%
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,4\cdot2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,1mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\cdot102=10,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,1\cdot24=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=10,2+2,4=12,6\left(g\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1mol\\n_{AlCl_3}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,1\cdot95=9,5\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=400\cdot1,2=480\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=492,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{492,4}\cdot100\%\approx1,93\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{492,4}\cdot100\%\approx5,42\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)Na2CO3+2HCl--->2NaCl+H2O+CO2
x------------------------------------------------x-
CaCO3+2HCl--->CaCl2+H2O+CO2
y-----------------------------------------y
Ta có n CO2=6,72/22,4=0,3(mol)
Theo bài ra ta có hpt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}106x+100y=30,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
%m Na2CO3=0,1.106/30,6.100%=34,64%
%m CaCO3=100%-34,64%=65,36%
b) n HCl=2n CO2=0,6(mol)
m HCl=0,6.36,5=21,9(g)
m dd HCl=21,9.100/20=109,5(g)
m dd sau pư=m hh+m dd HCl-m CO2
=30,6+109,5-18=122,1(g)
%m NaCl=0,2.58,5/122,1.100%=9,58%
%m CaCl2=0,2.111/122,1.100%=18,18%
n
a) Na2SO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + SO2 + H2O
b) nHCl = 0,2.1 = 0,2 (mol)
Na2SO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + SO2 + H2O
_0,1<------0,2------->0,2----->0,1
mNaCl = 0,2.58,5 = 11,7(g)
VSO2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) mNa2SO3 = 0,1.126 = 12,6 (g)
d) \(C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)