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a, \(A_{\left(x\right)}=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+1+2xy+2x+2y\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\) hay \(A_{\left(x\right)}\ge-3\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minA_{\left(x\right)}=-3\) khi x=-3; y=2
b, \(B_{\left(x\right)}=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\Leftrightarrow B_{\left(x\right)}\ge2\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2y+5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y+5=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minB_{\left(x\right)}=2\Leftrightarrow x=-3;y=1\)
c, \(C_{\left(x\right)}=x^2-10xy+26y^2+14x-76y+59\)
\(=\left(x^2+25y^2+49-10xy+14x-70y\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-5y+7\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+1\ge1\Leftrightarrow C_{\left(x\right)}\ge1\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5y+7\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-5y+7=0\\y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minC_{\left(x\right)}=1\Leftrightarrow x=8;y=3\)
d, \(D_{\left(x\right)}=4x^2-4xy+2y^2-20x-4y+174\)
\(=\left(4x^2+y^2+25-4xy-20x+10y\right)+\left(y-14y+49\right)+74\)
\(=\left(2x-y-5\right)^2+\left(y-7\right)^2+74\ge74\Leftrightarrow D_{\left(x\right)}\ge74\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y-5\right)^2=0\\\left(y-7\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-5=0\\y-7=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minD_{\left(x\right)}=74\Leftrightarrow x=6;y=7\)
e, \(E_{\left(x\right)}=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+5\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minE_{\left(x\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=-2\)
bạn ơi! Sao cái chỗ A(x) =(x+y+1)2+(x-2)2-3 mà chuyển sang lại là -3 v
Bài 1:
a)
\(A=x^2+y^2-xy-3y+2016=(x^2-xy+\frac{y^2}{4})+(\frac{3y^2}{4}-3y+3)+2013\)
\(=(x-\frac{y}{2})^2+3(\frac{y}{2}-1)^2+2013\)
\(\geq 2013\)
Vậy GTNN của $A$ là $2013$. Giá trị này đạt được khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-\frac{y}{2}=0\\ \frac{y}{2}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} y=2\\ x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(B=2x^2+5y^2+4xy-6+5x-9\)
\(=5(y^2+\frac{4}{5}xy+\frac{4}{25}x^2)+\frac{6}{5}x^2+5x-15\)
\(=5(y+\frac{2}{5}x)^2+\frac{6}{5}(x^2+\frac{25}{6}x+\frac{25^2}{12^2})-\frac{485}{24}\)
\(=5(y+\frac{2}{5}x)^2+\frac{6}{5}(x+\frac{25}{12})^2-\frac{485}{24}\geq \frac{-485}{24}\)
Vậy GTNN của $B$ là $\frac{-485}{24}$
Giá trị này đạt được khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} y+\frac{2}{5}x=0\\ x+\frac{25}{12}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=-\frac{25}{12}\\ y=\frac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)
\(C=x^2+xy+y^2-3x-3y+2018\)
\(=\frac{4x^2+4xy+4y^2-12x-12y+8072}{4}=\frac{(4x^2+4xy+y^2)+3y^2-12x-12y+8072}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(2x+y)^2-6(2x+y)+3y^2-6y+8072}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(2x+y)^2-6(2x+y)+9+3(y^2-2y+1)+8060}{4}=\frac{(2x+y-3)^2+3(y-1)^2+8060}{4}\)
\(\geq \frac{8060}{4}=2015\)
Vậy $C_{\min}=2015$. Giá trị đạt được khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} 2x+y-3=0\\ y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
Bài 2:
a)
\(-A=x^2+4y^2-2x+4y-5=(x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2+4y+1)-7\)
\(=(x-1)^2+(2y+1)^2-7\geq -7\)
\(\Rightarrow A\leq 7\)
Vậy GTLN của $A$ là $7$.
Giá trị này đạt được khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-1=0\\ 2y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=1\\ y=\frac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
ĐKĐB \(\Leftrightarrow B+2x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x+3y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2x^2-2x(3y+2)+(10y^2+3y-2+B)=0\)
Coi đây là PT bậc 2 ẩn $x$. Vì dấu "=" tồn tại nên PT luôn có nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow \Delta'=(3y+2)^2-2(10y^2+3y-2+B)\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\leq \frac{-11y^2+6y+8}{2}=\frac{\frac{97}{11}-11(y-\frac{3}{11})^2}{2}\leq \frac{97}{22}\)
Vậy $B_{\max}=\frac{97}{22}$
Bài 1:
1.Đặt \(A=x^2+y^2-3x+2y+3\)
\(=x^2-2.x.\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{9}{4}+y^2+2y+1+2\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}+2\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0;\forall x\\\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0;\forall y\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0;\forall x,y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2-\frac{1}{4}\ge0-\frac{1}{4};\forall x,y\)
Hay \(A\ge\frac{-1}{4};\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\\\left(y+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
VẬY MIN A=\(\frac{-1}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{2}\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
\(A=x^2+2x+3=\left(x+1\right)^2+2>=2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1
\(B=-\left(x^2+4x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+5< =5\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
\(C=-x^2-8x+5\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-21\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21< =21\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-4
\(D=-\left(x^2+x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{4}< =\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1/2
\(A=x^2-4xy+4y^2+x^2+2x+1+2018\)
\(A=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2018\ge2018\)
\(A_{min}=2018\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+2029\)
\(B=-\left(2x+y\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)^2+2029\le2029\)
\(B_{max}=2029\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, B=x2+4xy+y2+x2-8x+16+2012
B=(x+y) 2+(x-4)2+2012
Vậy B >=2012 ( Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=4,y=-4)
b làm tương tự
c, 9x2+6x+1+y2-4y+4+x2-4xz+4z2=0
(3x+1)2+(y-4)2+(x-2z)2=0
Vậy 3x+1=0 => x = -1/3
y-4=0 => y=4
x-2z=0 thế x=-1/3 ta được. -1/3-2z=0 => z = -1/6
Bạn nhớ ghi lại đề minh không ghi đề
a) \(B=2x^2+y^2+2xy-8x+2028\)
\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-8x+4^2\right)+2012=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+2012\ge2012\)
\(MinB=2012\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=-4\end{cases}}\)
b)\(C=x^2+5y^2+4xy+2x+2y-7\)
\(=\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(2x+4y\right)+1+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-9\)
\(=\left(\left(x+2y\right)^2+2\left(x+2y\right)+1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2-9=\left(x+2y+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-9\ge9\)
\(MinC=-9\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+2y+1=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
c)\(10x^2+y^2+4z^2+6x-4y-4xz+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+\left(x^2-4xz+4z^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+\left(x-2z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+1=0\\y-2=0\\x-2z=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{1}{3}\\y=2\\z=-\frac{1}{6}\end{cases}}\)
1) (x-1)2 + (x- 4y)2 + (y + 2)2 +10 -1-4
GTNN = 5
2) tuong tu