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a, PT: \(CaCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow2AgCl_{\downarrow}+Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{2,22}{111}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{1,7}{170}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,02}{1}>\dfrac{0,01}{2}\), ta được CaCl2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{AgCl}=n_{AgNO_3}=0,01\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,01.143,5=1,435\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{CaCl_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2\left(dư\right)}=0,015\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CaCl_2\left(dư\right)}=0,015.111=1,665\left(g\right)\)
nCuSO4=0,01 mol
Fe+CuSO4=> FeSO4+Cu
0,01 mol =>0,01 mol
mCu=0,01.64=0,64gam
FeSO4+2NaOH=>Fe(OH)2 +Na2SO4
0,01 mol=>0,02 mol
Vdd NaOH=0,02/1=0,02 lit
a)b)c)d) mBaCl2=150.16,64%=24,96g
=>nBaCl2=0,12 mol
mH2SO4=100.14,7%=14,7g=>nH2SO4=0,15mol
BaCl2 + H2SO4 =>BaSO4 +2HCl
Bđ: 0,12 mol; 0,15 mol
Pứ: 0,12 mol=>0,12 mol=>0,12 mol=>0,24 mol
Dư: 0,03 mol
Dd ban đầu chứa BaCl2 0,12 mol và H2SO4 0,15 mol
Dd A sau phản ứng chứa HCl 0,24 mol và H2SO4 dư 0,03 mol
mHCl=0,24.36,5=8,76g
mH2SO4=0,03.98=2,94g
Kết tủa B là BaSO4 0,12 mol=>mBaSO4=0,12.233=27,96g
mddA=mddBaCl2+mddH2SO4-mBaSO4
=150+100-27,96=222,04g
C%dd HCl=8,76/222,04.100%=3,945%
C% dd H2SO4=2,94/222,04.100%=1,324%
e) HCl +NaOH =>NaCl +H2O
0,24 mol=>0,24 mol
H2SO4 +2NaOH =>Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,03 mol=>0,06 mol
TÔNG nNaOH=0,3 mol
=>V dd NaOH=0,3/2=0,15 lit
1:
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
______0,2------>0,2------------------->0,2_____(mol)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b) \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
2:
a)
\(n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
______0,2<------0,4------------------>0,2______(mol)
=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.2\cdot0.5=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=0.1\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(0.1.............0.05...............0.05...........0.05\)
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0.05\cdot98=4.9\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.05}{0.2+0.1}=0.167\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.2-0.05}{0.1}=1.5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,3 0,6 0,3 0,3
\(FeCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+2AgCl\)
0,3 0,6
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\\b=0,6.143,5=86,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=150.1,2=180\left(g\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{180}=12,17\%\\C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\end{matrix}\right.\)
1/
\(CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 +H_2O\\ CO_2 + NaOH \to NaHCO_3 2NaHCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Na_2CO_3 + CO_2 + H_2O\\ Na_2CO_3 + BaCl_2 \to BaCO_3 + 2NaCl\)
1)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+CaO\\ NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow NaHCO_3\\ NaHCO_3+NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\\ Na_2CO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow NaOH+BaCO_3\)
2)
\(n_{HCl}=C_{M_{HCl}}.V_{HCl}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(K_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{K_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b) \(m_{K_2CO_3}=0,1.138=13,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddK_2CO_3}=\dfrac{13,8.100}{13,8}=100\left(g\right)\)
nZn=0,1 mol
Zn +2HCl=> ZnCl2+ H2
0,1 mol =>0,2 mol
=>mHCl=36,5.0,2=7,3g
=>m dd HCl=7,3/14,6%=50g
mdd sau pứ=6,5+50-0,1.2=56,3g
=>C% dd ZnCl2=(0,1.136)/56,3.100%=24,16%
a.b. Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2 (1)
Theo pt: 65g 73g 136g 2g
Theo đề: 6,5g 7,3g 13,6g
=> mddHCl=\(\frac{7,3.100}{14,6}=50\left(g\right)\)
c. Từ pt (1), ta có: \(C_{\%}=\frac{13,6}{50+6,5}.100\%=24,1\%\)
Bài 1 :
\(a) CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2\\ 2Fe(OH)_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2O\\ b) CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O\\ 2Fe(OH)_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 6H_2O\\ NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O\\ c) 2AgNO_3 + 2NaOH \to 2NaNO_3 + Ag_2O + H_2O\\ NaCl + AgNO_3 \to AgCl + NaNO_3\)
Bài 2 :
\(a)2AgNO_3 + BaCl_2 \to 2AgCl + Ba(NO_3)_2\\ n_{AgCl} = n_{AgNO_3} = 0,2.1 = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AgCl} = 0,2.143,5 = 28,7(gam)\\ b) n_{BaCl_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{dd\ BaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{2} = 0,05(lít)\)