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I Combine sentences using the gerund ( phrase ):
1 Alice planned to go to the concert last night . She forgot it.
=> Alice forgot to go to the concert last night.
2 He wrote for newspapers .It used to be his passion.
=> He used to be passionate about writing for newspapers.
3 I can't drive on the left . I'm not used to it.
=> I'm not used to driving on the left.
4 John jogs every morning . It makes him healthy.
=> John jogs every morning to be healthy.
5 Mary takes regular exercise. It enables her to keep fit.
=> Mary takes regular exercise to keep fit.
6 Mr. Pike taught john several years ago . He doesn't remember it.
=> Mr. Pike doesn't remember teaching John several years ago .
7 She has guests on sundays . She likes it very much.
=> She likes to have guests on sundays.
8 The children play football every saturday . They are fond of it.
=> The children are fond of playing football every saturday.
9 Tom collects antique coins . He gets interested in it.
=> Tom gets interested in collecting antique coins.
10 We have nothing to do. We are terrified of it.
=> We are terrified of having nothing to do.
II Rewrite the following sentences , using gerund phrase.
1 It takes long time to learn a foreign language.
=> Learning a foreign language takes a long time.
2 I don't remember that I met him in London.
=> I don't remember meeting him in London.
3 Tom finds it difficult to meet people.
=> Tom has difficulty in meeting people.
4 You are not allowed to smoke here.
=> Smoking is not allowed here.
5 She bowed her head but she did not speak.
=> She bowed her head without speaking.
6 It was wonderful to see our old friend again.
=> Seeing our old friend again was wonderful.
7 It is cheaper to go by rail than by air.
=> Going by rail is cheaper than going by air.
8 A good way of keeping fit is to swim every day.
=> Swimming every day is a good way of keeping fit.
9 The young man hesitated before he answered.
=> The young man hesitated before answering.
10 It's more difficult to speak foreign language than to read it.
=> Speaking foreign language is more difficult than reading read it.
1. The man, whom you visited last month, is a famous scientist.
2. A lot of information have been stored in the computer.
3. The town where we visited last year was very beautiful and peaceful.
4. My father is used to drinking tea in the morning.
5. Neil has passed his examination which is good news.
6. I used to stay up late when I was young.
1. The man is a famous scientist. You visited him last month. (using relative pronoun)
______________________The man, whom you visited last month, is a famous scientist_________________________.
2. They have stored a lot of information in the computer.
A lot of information ____________ have been stored in the computer__________________.
3. The town was very beautiful and peaceful. We visited it last year. (Using relative pronoun)
______________________ The town where we visited last year was very beautiful and peaceful________________________
4. My father often drinks tea in the morning.
My father is used _____________ to drinking tea in the morning___________________
5. Neil has passed his examinations. This is good news. (Using “which” as a connector)
________________________Neil has passed his examination which is good news______________________
6. I often stayed up late when I was young.
I used _________________to stay up late when I was young________________________.
1.students are doing a lot of work
-A lot of work are being done by students
2.i last saw my uncle when i was a school boy
-I haven't seen my uncle since i was a school boy
3.peter spent three hours repainting his house
- It took peter three hours to repaint his house
4.his wardrobe was so heavy that we couldn't move it
-It was such a heavy wardrobe that we couldn't move it
5.they spend haif an hour watching the news on tv everyday
-It takes them half an hour to watch the news on tv everyday
6.i am sorry to have kept you waiting
-I must apologize for having kept you waiting
7.it is more dangerous to ride a motobike than to drive a car -riding
it is safer to drive a car -riding than to ride a motobike
8.he stood on a chair in orther to reach the top shelf
-He stood on a chair so that he could reach the top shelf
9.talking part in the beauty contest is no interest to her at all
- She is not keen on taking part in the beauty contest
11.she's not in the habit of living on her own
-She's not used to living on her own
12.the bridge was so low that the lorry couldn't go under it
-It was such a low bridge that the lorry couldn't go under
13.mr. Phan drives more carefully than he used to
-Mr phan doesn't drive as carelessly as he used to
14.a spaceship from another planet took them away
-They were taken away by a spaceship from another planet
15.driving on the left feels strange to him
-He isn't used to driving on the left
16.she took no notice of what i was doing for her
-She didn't pay attention to what i was doing for her
17.she worked Hard because She wanted everything would be ready by 6'clock
- She worked hard so that everything would be ready by 6'clock
18.i feel strange when i live in a big city
-I'm not used to living in a big city
19.the house was so expensive that i couldn't buy ít
-The house was too expensive for me to buy
20.people believe that heroin is very danger for our health
-Heroin is believed to be very danger for our health
21.nam sorry now that he didn't accept the job
-Nam now wishes that he had accepted the job
Ex Choose the best answer to complete the following sentenses
1 Those letters ...........................now . You can do the typing later
A need typing B needn't be typed C need to typle D needn't typing
2 somebody cleans the room every day
A The room everyday is cleaned B The room is everyday cleaned
C The room is cleaned everyday D The room is cleaned by somebody everyday
3 people don't use this road very often
A This road is not used very often B Not very often this road is not used
C This road very often is not used D This road not very often is used
4 How do people learn languages ?
A how are languages learned ? B How are languages learned by people ?
C How languages are learned ? D Languages are learned how ?
5 Over 1500 new houses ...........................each year . Last year , 1720 new houses ........................
A were built / were built B are built / were built C are building / were built d were built / were built
6 Tom bought that book yesterday
A That book was bought by Tom yesterday B That book was bought yesterday by Tom
C That book yesterday was bought by Tom D That book was bought yesterday
7 The new computer system .......................next month
A is be installed B is being installed by people C is been installed D is being installed
8 Traffic rules ...........................strictly
A followed B must followed C must be followed D must follow
9 '' I heard you decided to take up tennis ''_''yes I have .................since last week
A been played B been playing C playing D play
10 '' Are we about to have dinner ?'' _ '' Yes it ..................in the dinning room ''
A is serving B serves C is being served D served
Exercise 5 : Combine the following sentences , using Relative clause following a preposition :
1. She is the woman . I told you about her ..
->She is the woman about whom I told you
2. The song was interesting . We listened to it last night .
->The song to which we listened last night was interesting
3. The picture was beautiful . She was looking at it .
-> The picture at which she was looking was beautiful
4. I'll give you the address . You should write to it .
-> I'll give you the address to which you should write
5. The movie is fantastic . They are talking about it .
-> The movie about which they are talking is fantastic
6. Renewable energy sources are difficult topics . I'm not familiar with these topics .
-> Renewable energy sources with which I 'm not familiar are difficult topics
7. You live in a town . Do you like it ?
-> Do you like the town in which you live?
9. The house has just been pulled down . I used to live in this house .
-> The house in which I used to live has just been pulled down
10. They finally found the most beautiful church . In front of the church stood a statue .
-> They finally found the most beautiful church in front of which stood a statue
11. The taxi driver was friendly . He took me to the airport .
-> The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly
12. I liked the woman . I met her at the party last night .
-> I like the woman whom I met at the party last night
13. I must thank the people . I got a present from them ...
-> I must thank the people from whom I got a present
14. The city is beautiful . We spent our holiday in that city .
-> They city in which we spent our holiday is beautiful
15. The man is standing over there . I told you about him yesterday .
-> The man about whom I told you yesterday is standing over there
16. The man called the police . His wallet was stolen .
-> The man whom his wallet was stolen called the police
17. I have to call the man . I accidentally picked up his umbrella after the meeting .
-> I have to call the man whom I accidentally picked up his umbrella after the meeting
18. The mistakes are very important . You have to correct them .
-> The mistakes which you have to correct are very important
19. My grandfather has greatly influenced my life . He is a wise man .
-> My grandfather who is a wise man has greatly influenced my life
20. Dianna Jones has organized a your for senior citizens . He used to teach Spanish .
-> Dianna Jones who used to teach Spanish has organized a ..... for senior citizens
21. You are looking at the picture . What's the picture ?
-> What's the picture at which you are looking?
22. Sunday is the day . We can visit our parents on that day .
-> Sunday is the day on which we can visit our parents
1.She is the woman whom I told you about.
2.The song to which we listened last night was interesting.
3.The picture which she was looking at was beautiful.
4.I'll give you the address which you should write to.
5.The movie which they are talking about is fantastic.
6.Renewable energy sources are difficult topics which I'm not familiar with.
7.Do you like the town where you live?
9.The house where I used to live in has just been pulled down .
10.They finally found the most beautiful church which in front of the church stood a statue .
11.The taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly.
12.I liked thw woman whom I met at the party last night.
13.I must thank the poeple whom I got a present from.
14.The city where we spent our holiday in is beautiful.
15.The man whom I told about yesterday is standing over there.
16.The man whose wallet was stolen called the police.
17.I have to call the man whose umbrella I accidentallt picked up after the meeting.
18.The mistakes which you have to correct are very important.
19.My grandfather who is a wise man has greatly influenced my life .
20.Dianna Jones who used to teach Spanish has organized a your for senior citizens .
21.What's the picture which you are looking at?
22.Sunday is the day when we can visit our parents.
1. The new laws will be.....to restrict wildlife destruction
A. pasted B.passed C.supplied D.taken away
2. Harmful insects must be...to protect our crops
A.conserved B.protected C.destroyed D.cultivated
3. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others
A.introduce B.peacefully C.consequence D.influence
4. Thanh:" Would you like to go to the movies tonight?" Mai:"...."
A. No I don't like B. Yes I'd like C. Of course D. I'd love to
5. Up to now, we have hardly estimated the.... that our country suffered during the war
A.destroy B.destroyable C.destructive D.destruction
6. People don't use this road very often
A. This road is not used very often
B. Not very often this road is not used
C. This road very often is not used
D. This road not very often is used
7. The... is the air, water, land inor on which people animals and plants live
A.consequence B.environment C.planet D.resource
8. They cancelled all flights because of fog
A. All flights because of fog were cancelled
B. All flights were cancelled because of fog
C. All flights were because of fog cancelled of fog
D. All flights were cancelled by them because of fog
9. Fire is the greatest danger.....forests
A.on B.of C.to D.in
10. We cannot clean up our polluted rivers and seas....
A.during the night B.at night C.very quickly D.very slowly
1. John swam every morning when he was a young man.
→ John used ............to swim every morning when he was a young man. ................................................................................................................
2. She often works at night. She is accustomed to that.
→ She is used ...........to working at night..............................................................................................................
3. People often guarantee the value of the paper money by gold.
→ Gold is used ........to guarantee the value of the paper money ...............................................................................................................
4. I drew a straight line with this ruler.
→ This ruler was used ...............to draw a straight line.........................................................................................
5. The foreigner finds it strange to wear “Ao dai”.
→ The foreigner is not used .......to wearing "Ao dai".....................................................................................
6. When I was in high school, I ate breakfast in the canteen.
→ I used .........................to eat breakfast in the canteen when I was in high school ...........................................................................................................
7. We can clean our teeth with toothpaste.
→ Toothpaste is used ............to clean our teeth ..............................................................................................
8. I rode my bicycle to work when I was young
→ I used .........................to ride my bicycle to work when I was young ...........................................................................................................