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PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.
The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.
Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?
1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.
2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air
3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.
5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly
Exercise 3. Write the sentences in another way, beginning as shown.
1. Someone reported that the situation was under control.
The situation was reported to have been under control.
2. It is said that she works 16 hours a day.
She is said to work 16 hours a day.
3. Someone thinks that the company is planning a new advertising campaign.
The company is thought to be planning a new advertising campaign.
4. Everyone expects that the soap opera will end next year.
The soap opera is expected to end next year.
5. It is alleged that the man drove through the town at 90 miles an hour.
The man is alleged to have driven through the town at 90 miles an hour.
6. Someone reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.
The President was reported to have suffered a heart attack.
7. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over a wall.
The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over a wall.
8. It is reported that the buildings have been badly damaged by fire.
The buildings are reported to have been badly damaged by fire.
9. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods.
Many people are reported to be homeless after the floods.
10. We all expected Marta would pass her driving test.
it was expected that Marta would pass her driving test.
11. People believe that he was killed by terrorists.
He is believed to have been killed by terrorists.
12. We knew that you were in town on the night of the crime.
You were known to have been in town on the night of the crime.
13. Journalists supposed that the footballer Wayne Johnson was earning £10 million a year.
The footballer Wayne Johnson was supposed to have been earning £10 million a year by Journalists
14. It is said that there is a secret tunnel between those two houses.
There is said to be a secret tunnel between those two houses.
15. We know that they lives in a small flat on the fifth floor.
They are known to live in a small flat on the fifth floor.
16. Lots of people believe that the Prime Minister and his wife have separated.
The Prime Minister and his wife are believed to have separated.
17. It is believed that the boy is wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.
The boy is believed to be wearing a white pullover and blue jeans.
18. Everyone expects that the hostages will be released soon.
The hostages are expected to be released soon.
19. It is reported that two people were injured in the explosion.
Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.
20. They say exercise is good for health.
Exercise is said to be good for health.
Exercise 6. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentence. Use the structure have some¬thing done.
1. We ___are painting the house__ (the house/ paint) at the moment.
2. I lost my key. I’ll have to __make another key___ (another key/ make).
3. When was the last time you __had your hair cut___ (your hair/ cut)?
4. You look different. ; __have you had your hair cut___ (you/ your hair/ cut)?
5. _is a newspaper delivered____ (you/ a newspaper/ deliver) to your house or do you go to the shop to buy one?
6. A: Can I see the photos you took when you were on holiday?
B: I’m afraid I ___haven't developed the film__ (not/ the film/ develop) yet.
7. A: What are those workmen doing in your garden?
B: Oh, we ___are building a swimming pool__ (a swimming pool/ build).
8. This coat is dirty. I must __clean it___ (it/ clean).
9. If you want to wear earrings, why don’t you ___pierce your ears__ (your ears/ pierce)?
10. A: My car has been serviced recently.
B: How often __do you have your car serviced ___ (.you/ your car/ service)?
Exercise 7. Choose the correct answer.
1. We can’t go along here because the road _____.
a. is repairing b. is repaired c. is being repaired d. repaires
2. The story I’ve just read _____ Agatha Christie.
a. was written b. was written by c. was written from d. wrote by
3. Why don’t you have your brother _____ the roof?
a repairs b. repair c. repaired d. to repair
4. The man died because medical help was not summoned. A doctor should _____.
a. be have called b. been called c. be called d. have been called
5. Something funny _____ in class yesterday.
a. happened b. was happened c. happens d. is happened
6. Many US automobiles _____ in Detroit, Michigan.
a. manufacture b. have manufactured
c. are manufactured d. are manufacturing
7. A lot of pesticide residue can _____ on unwashed produce.
a. find b. found c. be finding d. be found
8. We _____ by a loud noise during the night.
a. woke up b. are woken up c. were woken up d. were waking up
9. How did that window _____? ~ I don’t know.
a. get broken b. broke c. got broken d. broken
10. Some film stars _____ difficult to work with.
a. are said be b. are said to be c. say to be d. said to be
11. Last night a tornado swept through Rockville. It _____ everything in its path.
a. destroyed b. was destroyed
c. was being destroyed d. has been destroyed
12. Vitamin C _____ by the human body. It gets into blood stream quickly.
a. absorbs easily b. is easily absorbing
c. is easily absorbed d. absorbed easily
13. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I don’t enjoy _____ at.
a. be laughed b. to be laughed c. laughing d. being laughed
14. John _____ last week.
a. had his house painted b. had painted his house
c. had his father to paint d. had his house paint
15. Today, many serious childhood diseases _____ by early immunization.
a. are preventing b. can prevent c. prevent d. can be prevented
16. ‘_____ about the eight o’clock flight to Chicago?’ ‘Not yet.’
a. Has been an announcement made b. Has an announcement made
c. Has an announcement been made d. Has been made an announcement
17. ‘Has the commitee made its decision yet?’
‘Not yet. They are still _____ the proposal.’
a. considering b. been considered c. being considered d. considered
18. I might watch this programme. It _____ very funny.
a. supposes to be b. is supposed being
c. is supposed to be d. was supposed be
19. Do you get your heating _____ every year?
a. checking b. check c. be checked d. checked
20. Claude Jennings is said _____ his memory.
a to have been lost b. to be lost
c. to have lost d. to lose
Exercise 1. Put these sentences into the passive voice.
1. Should they help Jane with the sewing?
Should Jane be helped with the sewing?
2. The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car.
Judy’s car is being repaired by the mechanic
3. Must we finish the test before ten?
Must the test finished before ten?
4. They use a computer to do that job nowadays.
a computer is used to do that job nowadays.
5. Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course.
all travel expenses for this training course must be paid by employers
6. Did her story take them in?
were they taken in by her story
7. The bank manager kept me for half an hour.
i was kept by the bank manager for half an hour.
8. Has he spelt this word wrongly
has this word been spelt wrongly?
9. All his friends will see him off at the airport.
he will be seen off at the airport by all his friends
10. They used to drink beer for breakfast in England years ago.
beer used to be drunk for breakfast in England years ago.
11. Someone might have sent the letter to the wrong address.
the letter might have been sent to the wrong address.
12. They were cleaning the floor when I arrived.
the floor was being cleaned when I arrived.
13. They are digging the hole on the wrong side of the road.
the hole is being digged on the wrong side of the road.
14. They are going to steal your money if you’re not careful.
your money is going to be stolen if you’re not careful.
15. Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion?
have you ever been asked for opinion?
16. Alan’s knowledge of art doesn’t impress me.
i am not impressed by Alan’s knowledge of art
17. How do people make candles?
how are candles made>
18. They can’t make tea with cold water.
tea can't be made with cold water.
19. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest?
when are the results of the contest going to be announced?
20. Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake.
the police werent imformed that there had been a mistake.
21. Where will your company send you next year?
where will you be sent by your company next year?
22. Who looked after the children when you were away?
who were the children looked after by when you were away?
23. Look! Someone is feeding the seals.
Look! the seals are being fed
24. Kathy had returned the book to the library.
the book had been returned to the library by Kathy
25. By this time tomorrow, the president will have made the announcement.
By this time tomorrow, the announcement. will have been made by the president
26. The pollution in the city was affecting people’s breathing.
people’s breathing. was being affected by The pollution in the city
27. Mrs Andrews hasn’t signed those papers yet. Has Mr Andrews signed them yet?
those papers haven’t been signed by Mrs Andrews yet. have them been signed by Mr Andrews yet?
28. Is a student pilot flying that airplane?
is that airplane being flied by a student pilot?
29. Where did they hold the 1988 Olympic Games?
where was the 1988 Olympic Games held?
30. Do they make those tractors in this country, or do they import them?
are those tractors made in this country, or are they imported ?
Exercise 2. Change active to passive, paying close attention to special structures.
1. Parents always give me proper encouragement.
proper encouragement is always given to me by my parents
2. I remember someone giving me a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
I remember being given a toy drum on my fifth birthday.
3. Someone saw him pick up the gun.
he was seen picking up the gun.
4. They asked me some difficult questions at the interview.
i was asked some difficult questions at the interview.
5. Don’t touch this switch.
this switch musn't be touched
6. He won’t let you do that silly thing again.
He won’t let that silly thing be done again
7. The real estate office will send you a copy of the sales contract.
you will be sent a copy of the sales contract by The real estate office
8. I didn’t expect the police to find my car.
I didn’t expect my car to be found by the police
9. I rarely hear her call her children bad names.
I rarely hear her children being called bad names.
10. Someone seems to have made a terrible mistake.
a terrible mistake seems to have been made
11. I think they should have offered Tom the job.
I think Tom should have been offered the job.
12. People say that Arthur robbed a bank a long time ago.
Arthur is said to have robbed a bank a long time ago.
13. They used to make little boys climb the chimneys to clean them.
make little boys used to be made to climb the chimneys to clean them.
14. They suggested banning the sale of alcohol at football matches.
They suggested the sale of alcohol at football matches should be banned
15. Take off your coat.
your coat should be taken off
16. They have sent that money to the poor families.
that money has been sent to the poor families.
17. He recommended using bullet-proof glass.
He recommended bullet-proof glass. being used
18. She loves someone praising her all the time.
She loves being praised all the time.
19. We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
he is believed to have special knowledge which may be useful to the police.
20. You need to have your hair cut.
your hair needs cutting
9. The princess was happy during the years… she lived with the fairy.
A. when B. in which C. where D. that
10. The town… we are living is nosy and crowded.
A. in where B. which C. at which D. where
11. The year…. we came to live here was 1975.
A. when B. which C. that D. in the time
12. The teacher ….house is next to mine died this moening.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
13. He was loyal to…. trusted him.
A. whomever B. whom C.whoever D. what
14. The Knife …. We cut bread is very sharp.
A. with that B. which C. with which C. that
15. Tonight I’ll do the assignment…. Gave us last week.
A. the teacher B. who the teacher C.whom the teacher D. of the teacher
16. The lady…. son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school.
A. who B. which C. whose D. that
17. He has just gone to his friend’s house, ….there is a party today.
A. who B. whichbm C. whom D. where
18. Take ….measures you consider best.
A. however B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever
19. ….difficulties you may encounter, I ‘m sure you’ll succeed.
A. how B. whatever C. however D. How greater
20. He is the only friend… I like.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
Fill in : The a , an or ---(leave back)
1.I have just had a great idea
2.Columbus was one of the first people to cross the Atlantic
3. The British drink too much tea
4. The Thames flows into ..X.. North Sea
5. Jufith earn 2000 a month
6. Dancing is the more interesting activity than reading
7. As a captain of the ship I have ..X.. complete authority
8. The People we met on a holiday in the north of England came from the USA
9. What's on ..X... TV today?
10. He was doing eighty miles an hour on the motorway
11. How may hours do you work on an average?
12. You are the fisrt to reach the top
13. The people who live in ..X.. Netherlands are called the Dutch
14. The burglar hit me on the back of my neck
15...X..Football is his whole life
16. I try to go for a run four times a week
17. Did you read the book I gave you?
18. Sally went to the prison to visit her husband
19. This is the only cinema in the sea
20. ..X.. People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw ..X.. stones
21. Do you go to ..X.. church on Sunday?
22. This is the man I told you about
23. This is exactly the job I was looking for
24. ..X.. Trafalgar Spare is near ..X.. Charing Cross Station
25. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing
26. The Philosophers seem to think that life is a mysrery
27. I need time to thik about an offer you made
28. I can't play the piano but I can play the guitar
29. There was a time when I enjoyed ..X. skating
30. The worst part of living in a tent is the lack of space
31. ..X. most cars start badly on ..X.. cold mornings
32. The Prime Minister will give a speech this afternoon
33. The Tower of London is one of the main attractions of London
VI: Fill in each gap with one suitable word to complete the following passage.
About twenty percent of the world’s present energy already (1)____comes____ from the sun in one form or another. Special devices have already been made to (2)___put__ on the roofs of houses and flats to (3)___catch___ the sun’s ray and thus heat water. Thousands (4)___of_____ these devices are now being used to provide (5)____energy____ in houses throughout the United States while more (6)__than____ a million solar water-heating units (7)___have ___already been built in houses in Japan. Other purposes for which solar energy is at present being used include the removal of salt (8)__from ___ seawater and sewage disposal. For most people (9)__ in____ developing countries, the need is not for air- conditioners or central heating but for cheap ways of (10)__cooking___ food, drying crops and lighting houses.
VIII: Complete :1. Although his father took a taxi, he still arrived late for the meeting.
®Despite…the fact that his father took a taxi, he still arrived late for the meeting. ………………………….…...................................................................... …..
2. It is ages since she last visited her parents.
®She … hasn't visited her parents for ages ………………………………………..
3. Handicapped people find shopping in supermarkets difficult.
®It is……difficult for handicapped people to find shopping in supermarkets ……………............................................................................................................. .
4. It isn’t necessary to book tickets for the show in advance.
®You needn't book tickets for the show in advance …………….................................................................................... ……………..
5. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
®Had……we had map, we wouldn't have got lost …………......................................................................................... .……………..
6. The cake was so hard that I could not eat it.
®It was…… such a hard cake that i couldn't eat it ………… ……………..
7. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.
®The fog prevented…us from driving.……...................................................................................... ………..
8. They are going to tune my piano tomorrow.
®I am…going to have my piano tuned tomorow …………............................................................................................................... …..
9. Nobody has watered the flowers in the garden for many weeks.
®The flowers.......... in the garden haven't been watered for many weeks ...................................................................................................................
10. Every day my younger brother spends two hours learning English.
® Every day it takes..........my younger brother two hours to learn E.................
T36B: I/Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence.
1. My friend, Jack,(that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland.
2. Here’s the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about.
3. I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.
4. Peter comes from Witney, (that, who, which) is near Oxford.
5. This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed.
6. Is this the person ( who, which, whose) you asked me about.
7. Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you?
8. That’s the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me.
9. The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive.
10. We didn’t enjoy the play ( that, who, whose) we went to see.
11. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.
12. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll give it to you.
13.The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party.
14. I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.
15. The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday.
16. Ann,(whose, who, whom) children are at school all day is trying to get a job.
1/ We'd like to buy a house_______ overlooks West lake.(A. who B. whose C. where D. which)
2/ The woman _______ daughter Jack loves is very kind.(A. whose B. who C. whom D. which)
3/ The letter ___she received this morning is from the USA.(A. who B. whose C. whom D. which)
4/ I don't know the girl _______ is wearing a long blue dress.(A. whom B. whose C. which D. who)
5/ The police are asking the man _______ car has been stolen.(A. whom B. whose C. which D. that)
6/ Spring is the time ____ many kinds of flowers blossom.(A. who B. where C. which D. when)
7/ English is the subject ___ she is good at.(A. what B. which C. where D. who)
8/ He went to the sport club _____ he first met his wife.(A. which B. who C. where D. whose)
9/ He will never forget the day __ his mother died.(A. which B. who C. where D. when)
10/ The man ___my sister loves is very intelligent.(A. which B. whom C. whose D. when)
1. All the rubbish floating in the sea is a real danger to helath.
2. Who is the good-looking man talking to Alison?
3. Do you know the girls playing table tennis over there?
4. Nobody liked the cake made by Jane.